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Blue Light Induces Impaired Autophagy through Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain 2 Activation on the Mouse Ocular Surface

In this study, we investigated the effects of blue light exposure on nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) expression on the mouse ocular surface and evaluated the role of NOD2 activation in light-induced cell death. Mice were divided into wild-type (WT), NOD2-knock out (KO), WT + blue...

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Autores principales: Li, Ying, Jin, Rujun, Li, Lan, Choi, Ji Suk, Kim, Jonghwa, Yoon, Hyeon Jeong, Park, Jong Hwan, Yoon, Kyung Chul
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7922400/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33670592
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22042015
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author Li, Ying
Jin, Rujun
Li, Lan
Choi, Ji Suk
Kim, Jonghwa
Yoon, Hyeon Jeong
Park, Jong Hwan
Yoon, Kyung Chul
author_facet Li, Ying
Jin, Rujun
Li, Lan
Choi, Ji Suk
Kim, Jonghwa
Yoon, Hyeon Jeong
Park, Jong Hwan
Yoon, Kyung Chul
author_sort Li, Ying
collection PubMed
description In this study, we investigated the effects of blue light exposure on nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) expression on the mouse ocular surface and evaluated the role of NOD2 activation in light-induced cell death. Mice were divided into wild-type (WT), NOD2-knock out (KO), WT + blue light (WT + BL), and NOD2-KO + blue light (NOD2-KO + BL) groups, and the mice in the WT+BL and NOD2-KO + BL groups were exposed to blue light for 10 days. After 10 days of blue light exposure, increased reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde were observed in the WT + BL and NOD2-KO + BL groups, and the WT + BL group showed a higher expression of NOD2 and autophagy related 16 like 1. Although both WT+BL and NOD2-KO + BL groups showed an increase in the expression of light chain 3-II, NOD2-KO + BL mice had a significantly lower p62 expression than WT + BL mice. In addition, NOD2-KO+BL mice had significantly lower corneal epithelial damage and apoptosis than WT + BL mice. In conclusion, blue light exposure can induce impaired autophagy by activation of NOD2 on the ocular surface. In addition, the reactive oxygen species (ROS)–NOD2–autophagy related 16 like 1 (ATG16L) signaling pathway may be involved in the blue-light-induced autophagy responses, resulting in corneal epithelial apoptosis.
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spelling pubmed-79224002021-03-03 Blue Light Induces Impaired Autophagy through Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain 2 Activation on the Mouse Ocular Surface Li, Ying Jin, Rujun Li, Lan Choi, Ji Suk Kim, Jonghwa Yoon, Hyeon Jeong Park, Jong Hwan Yoon, Kyung Chul Int J Mol Sci Article In this study, we investigated the effects of blue light exposure on nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) expression on the mouse ocular surface and evaluated the role of NOD2 activation in light-induced cell death. Mice were divided into wild-type (WT), NOD2-knock out (KO), WT + blue light (WT + BL), and NOD2-KO + blue light (NOD2-KO + BL) groups, and the mice in the WT+BL and NOD2-KO + BL groups were exposed to blue light for 10 days. After 10 days of blue light exposure, increased reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde were observed in the WT + BL and NOD2-KO + BL groups, and the WT + BL group showed a higher expression of NOD2 and autophagy related 16 like 1. Although both WT+BL and NOD2-KO + BL groups showed an increase in the expression of light chain 3-II, NOD2-KO + BL mice had a significantly lower p62 expression than WT + BL mice. In addition, NOD2-KO+BL mice had significantly lower corneal epithelial damage and apoptosis than WT + BL mice. In conclusion, blue light exposure can induce impaired autophagy by activation of NOD2 on the ocular surface. In addition, the reactive oxygen species (ROS)–NOD2–autophagy related 16 like 1 (ATG16L) signaling pathway may be involved in the blue-light-induced autophagy responses, resulting in corneal epithelial apoptosis. MDPI 2021-02-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7922400/ /pubmed/33670592 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22042015 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Li, Ying
Jin, Rujun
Li, Lan
Choi, Ji Suk
Kim, Jonghwa
Yoon, Hyeon Jeong
Park, Jong Hwan
Yoon, Kyung Chul
Blue Light Induces Impaired Autophagy through Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain 2 Activation on the Mouse Ocular Surface
title Blue Light Induces Impaired Autophagy through Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain 2 Activation on the Mouse Ocular Surface
title_full Blue Light Induces Impaired Autophagy through Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain 2 Activation on the Mouse Ocular Surface
title_fullStr Blue Light Induces Impaired Autophagy through Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain 2 Activation on the Mouse Ocular Surface
title_full_unstemmed Blue Light Induces Impaired Autophagy through Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain 2 Activation on the Mouse Ocular Surface
title_short Blue Light Induces Impaired Autophagy through Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain 2 Activation on the Mouse Ocular Surface
title_sort blue light induces impaired autophagy through nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 activation on the mouse ocular surface
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7922400/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33670592
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22042015
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