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Statins Directly Influence the Polarization of Adipose Tissue Macrophages: A Role in Chronic Inflammation
Statins represent one of the most widely used classes of drugs in current medicine. In addition to a substantial decrease in atherogenic low density lipoprotein (LDL) particle concentrations, several large trials have documented their potent anti-inflammatory activity. Based on our preliminary data,...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7923086/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33669779 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9020211 |
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author | Kauerova, Sona Bartuskova, Hana Muffova, Barbora Janousek, Libor Fronek, Jiri Petras, Marek Poledne, Rudolf Kralova Lesna, Ivana |
author_facet | Kauerova, Sona Bartuskova, Hana Muffova, Barbora Janousek, Libor Fronek, Jiri Petras, Marek Poledne, Rudolf Kralova Lesna, Ivana |
author_sort | Kauerova, Sona |
collection | PubMed |
description | Statins represent one of the most widely used classes of drugs in current medicine. In addition to a substantial decrease in atherogenic low density lipoprotein (LDL) particle concentrations, several large trials have documented their potent anti-inflammatory activity. Based on our preliminary data, we showed that statins are able to decrease the proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages (CD14+16+CD36high) in visceral adipose tissue in humans. In the present study including 118 healthy individuals (living kidney donors), a very close relationship between the pro-inflammatory macrophage proportion and LDL cholesterol levels was found. This was confirmed after adjustment for the most important risk factors. The effect of statins on the proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages was also confirmed in an experimental model of the Prague hereditary hypercholesterolemia rat. A direct anti-inflammatory effect of fluvastatin on human macrophage polarization in vitro was documented. Based on modifying the LDL cholesterol concentrations, statins are suggested to decrease the cholesterol inflow through the lipid raft of macrophages in adipose tissue and hypercholesterolemia to enhance the pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype polarization. On the contrary, due to their opposite effect, statins respond with anti-inflammatory activity, affecting the whole organism. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7923086 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79230862021-03-03 Statins Directly Influence the Polarization of Adipose Tissue Macrophages: A Role in Chronic Inflammation Kauerova, Sona Bartuskova, Hana Muffova, Barbora Janousek, Libor Fronek, Jiri Petras, Marek Poledne, Rudolf Kralova Lesna, Ivana Biomedicines Article Statins represent one of the most widely used classes of drugs in current medicine. In addition to a substantial decrease in atherogenic low density lipoprotein (LDL) particle concentrations, several large trials have documented their potent anti-inflammatory activity. Based on our preliminary data, we showed that statins are able to decrease the proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages (CD14+16+CD36high) in visceral adipose tissue in humans. In the present study including 118 healthy individuals (living kidney donors), a very close relationship between the pro-inflammatory macrophage proportion and LDL cholesterol levels was found. This was confirmed after adjustment for the most important risk factors. The effect of statins on the proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages was also confirmed in an experimental model of the Prague hereditary hypercholesterolemia rat. A direct anti-inflammatory effect of fluvastatin on human macrophage polarization in vitro was documented. Based on modifying the LDL cholesterol concentrations, statins are suggested to decrease the cholesterol inflow through the lipid raft of macrophages in adipose tissue and hypercholesterolemia to enhance the pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype polarization. On the contrary, due to their opposite effect, statins respond with anti-inflammatory activity, affecting the whole organism. MDPI 2021-02-19 /pmc/articles/PMC7923086/ /pubmed/33669779 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9020211 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kauerova, Sona Bartuskova, Hana Muffova, Barbora Janousek, Libor Fronek, Jiri Petras, Marek Poledne, Rudolf Kralova Lesna, Ivana Statins Directly Influence the Polarization of Adipose Tissue Macrophages: A Role in Chronic Inflammation |
title | Statins Directly Influence the Polarization of Adipose Tissue Macrophages: A Role in Chronic Inflammation |
title_full | Statins Directly Influence the Polarization of Adipose Tissue Macrophages: A Role in Chronic Inflammation |
title_fullStr | Statins Directly Influence the Polarization of Adipose Tissue Macrophages: A Role in Chronic Inflammation |
title_full_unstemmed | Statins Directly Influence the Polarization of Adipose Tissue Macrophages: A Role in Chronic Inflammation |
title_short | Statins Directly Influence the Polarization of Adipose Tissue Macrophages: A Role in Chronic Inflammation |
title_sort | statins directly influence the polarization of adipose tissue macrophages: a role in chronic inflammation |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7923086/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33669779 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9020211 |
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