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Circulating Free DNA and Its Emerging Role in Autoimmune Diseases

Liquid biopsies can be used to analyse tissue-derived information, including cell-free DNA (cfDNA), circulating rare cells, and circulating extracellular vesicles in the blood or other bodily fluids, representing a new way to guide therapeutic decisions in cancer. Among the new challenges of liquid...

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Autores principales: Mondelo-Macía, Patricia, Castro-Santos, Patricia, Castillo-García, Adrián, Muinelo-Romay, Laura, Diaz-Peña, Roberto
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7924199/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33672659
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11020151
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author Mondelo-Macía, Patricia
Castro-Santos, Patricia
Castillo-García, Adrián
Muinelo-Romay, Laura
Diaz-Peña, Roberto
author_facet Mondelo-Macía, Patricia
Castro-Santos, Patricia
Castillo-García, Adrián
Muinelo-Romay, Laura
Diaz-Peña, Roberto
author_sort Mondelo-Macía, Patricia
collection PubMed
description Liquid biopsies can be used to analyse tissue-derived information, including cell-free DNA (cfDNA), circulating rare cells, and circulating extracellular vesicles in the blood or other bodily fluids, representing a new way to guide therapeutic decisions in cancer. Among the new challenges of liquid biopsy, we found clinical application in nontumour pathologies, including autoimmune diseases. Since the discovery of the presence of high levels of cfDNA in patients with systemic lupus erythaematosus (SLE) in the 1960s, cfDNA research in autoimmune diseases has mainly focused on the overall quantification of cfDNA and its association with disease activity. However, with technological advancements and the increasing understanding of the role of DNA sensing receptors in inflammation and autoimmunity, interest in cfDNA and autoimmune diseases has not expanded until recently. In this review, we provide an overview of the basic biology of cfDNA in the context of autoimmune diseases as a biomarker of disease activity, progression, and prediction of the treatment response. We discuss and integrate available information about these important aspects.
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spelling pubmed-79241992021-03-03 Circulating Free DNA and Its Emerging Role in Autoimmune Diseases Mondelo-Macía, Patricia Castro-Santos, Patricia Castillo-García, Adrián Muinelo-Romay, Laura Diaz-Peña, Roberto J Pers Med Review Liquid biopsies can be used to analyse tissue-derived information, including cell-free DNA (cfDNA), circulating rare cells, and circulating extracellular vesicles in the blood or other bodily fluids, representing a new way to guide therapeutic decisions in cancer. Among the new challenges of liquid biopsy, we found clinical application in nontumour pathologies, including autoimmune diseases. Since the discovery of the presence of high levels of cfDNA in patients with systemic lupus erythaematosus (SLE) in the 1960s, cfDNA research in autoimmune diseases has mainly focused on the overall quantification of cfDNA and its association with disease activity. However, with technological advancements and the increasing understanding of the role of DNA sensing receptors in inflammation and autoimmunity, interest in cfDNA and autoimmune diseases has not expanded until recently. In this review, we provide an overview of the basic biology of cfDNA in the context of autoimmune diseases as a biomarker of disease activity, progression, and prediction of the treatment response. We discuss and integrate available information about these important aspects. MDPI 2021-02-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7924199/ /pubmed/33672659 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11020151 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Mondelo-Macía, Patricia
Castro-Santos, Patricia
Castillo-García, Adrián
Muinelo-Romay, Laura
Diaz-Peña, Roberto
Circulating Free DNA and Its Emerging Role in Autoimmune Diseases
title Circulating Free DNA and Its Emerging Role in Autoimmune Diseases
title_full Circulating Free DNA and Its Emerging Role in Autoimmune Diseases
title_fullStr Circulating Free DNA and Its Emerging Role in Autoimmune Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Circulating Free DNA and Its Emerging Role in Autoimmune Diseases
title_short Circulating Free DNA and Its Emerging Role in Autoimmune Diseases
title_sort circulating free dna and its emerging role in autoimmune diseases
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7924199/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33672659
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11020151
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