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Sarcopenia and Cognitive Function: Role of Myokines in Muscle Brain Cross-Talk
Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome characterized by the progressive degeneration of muscle mass and function, and it is associated with severe complications, which are falls, functional decline, frailty, and mortality. Sarcopenia is associated with cognitive impairment, defined as a decline in one o...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7926334/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33672427 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11020173 |
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author | Scisciola, Lucia Fontanella, Rosaria Anna Surina, Cataldo, Vittoria Paolisso, Giuseppe Barbieri, Michelangela |
author_facet | Scisciola, Lucia Fontanella, Rosaria Anna Surina, Cataldo, Vittoria Paolisso, Giuseppe Barbieri, Michelangela |
author_sort | Scisciola, Lucia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome characterized by the progressive degeneration of muscle mass and function, and it is associated with severe complications, which are falls, functional decline, frailty, and mortality. Sarcopenia is associated with cognitive impairment, defined as a decline in one or more cognitive domains as language, memory, reasoning, social cognition, planning, making decisions, and solving problems. Although the exact mechanism relating to sarcopenia and cognitive function has not yet been defined, several studies have shown that skeletal muscle produces and secrete molecules, called myokines, that regulate brain functions, including mood, learning, locomotor activity, and neuronal injury protection, showing the existence of muscle-brain cross-talk. Moreover, studies conducted on physical exercise supported the existence of muscle-brain cross-talk, showing how physical activity, changing myokines' circulating levels, exerts beneficial effects on the brain. The review mainly focuses on describing the role of myokines on brain function and their involvement in cognitive impairment in sarcopenia. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7926334 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79263342021-03-04 Sarcopenia and Cognitive Function: Role of Myokines in Muscle Brain Cross-Talk Scisciola, Lucia Fontanella, Rosaria Anna Surina, Cataldo, Vittoria Paolisso, Giuseppe Barbieri, Michelangela Life (Basel) Review Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome characterized by the progressive degeneration of muscle mass and function, and it is associated with severe complications, which are falls, functional decline, frailty, and mortality. Sarcopenia is associated with cognitive impairment, defined as a decline in one or more cognitive domains as language, memory, reasoning, social cognition, planning, making decisions, and solving problems. Although the exact mechanism relating to sarcopenia and cognitive function has not yet been defined, several studies have shown that skeletal muscle produces and secrete molecules, called myokines, that regulate brain functions, including mood, learning, locomotor activity, and neuronal injury protection, showing the existence of muscle-brain cross-talk. Moreover, studies conducted on physical exercise supported the existence of muscle-brain cross-talk, showing how physical activity, changing myokines' circulating levels, exerts beneficial effects on the brain. The review mainly focuses on describing the role of myokines on brain function and their involvement in cognitive impairment in sarcopenia. MDPI 2021-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7926334/ /pubmed/33672427 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11020173 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Scisciola, Lucia Fontanella, Rosaria Anna Surina, Cataldo, Vittoria Paolisso, Giuseppe Barbieri, Michelangela Sarcopenia and Cognitive Function: Role of Myokines in Muscle Brain Cross-Talk |
title | Sarcopenia and Cognitive Function: Role of Myokines in Muscle Brain Cross-Talk |
title_full | Sarcopenia and Cognitive Function: Role of Myokines in Muscle Brain Cross-Talk |
title_fullStr | Sarcopenia and Cognitive Function: Role of Myokines in Muscle Brain Cross-Talk |
title_full_unstemmed | Sarcopenia and Cognitive Function: Role of Myokines in Muscle Brain Cross-Talk |
title_short | Sarcopenia and Cognitive Function: Role of Myokines in Muscle Brain Cross-Talk |
title_sort | sarcopenia and cognitive function: role of myokines in muscle brain cross-talk |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7926334/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33672427 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11020173 |
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