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Nutritional Components in Western Diet Versus Mediterranean Diet at the Gut Microbiota–Immune System Interplay. Implications for Health and Disease

The most prevalent diseases of our time, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) (including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and some types of cancer) are rising worldwide. All of them share the condition of an “inflammatory disorder”, with impaired immune functions frequently caused or ac...

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Autores principales: García-Montero, Cielo, Fraile-Martínez, Oscar, Gómez-Lahoz, Ana M., Pekarek, Leonel, Castellanos, Alejandro J., Noguerales-Fraguas, Fernando, Coca, Santiago, Guijarro, Luis G., García-Honduvilla, Natalio, Asúnsolo, Angel, Sanchez-Trujillo, Lara, Lahera, Guillermo, Bujan, Julia, Monserrat, Jorge, Álvarez-Mon, Melchor, Álvarez-Mon, Miguel A., Ortega, Miguel A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7927055/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33671569
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020699
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author García-Montero, Cielo
Fraile-Martínez, Oscar
Gómez-Lahoz, Ana M.
Pekarek, Leonel
Castellanos, Alejandro J.
Noguerales-Fraguas, Fernando
Coca, Santiago
Guijarro, Luis G.
García-Honduvilla, Natalio
Asúnsolo, Angel
Sanchez-Trujillo, Lara
Lahera, Guillermo
Bujan, Julia
Monserrat, Jorge
Álvarez-Mon, Melchor
Álvarez-Mon, Miguel A.
Ortega, Miguel A.
author_facet García-Montero, Cielo
Fraile-Martínez, Oscar
Gómez-Lahoz, Ana M.
Pekarek, Leonel
Castellanos, Alejandro J.
Noguerales-Fraguas, Fernando
Coca, Santiago
Guijarro, Luis G.
García-Honduvilla, Natalio
Asúnsolo, Angel
Sanchez-Trujillo, Lara
Lahera, Guillermo
Bujan, Julia
Monserrat, Jorge
Álvarez-Mon, Melchor
Álvarez-Mon, Miguel A.
Ortega, Miguel A.
author_sort García-Montero, Cielo
collection PubMed
description The most prevalent diseases of our time, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) (including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and some types of cancer) are rising worldwide. All of them share the condition of an “inflammatory disorder”, with impaired immune functions frequently caused or accompanied by alterations in gut microbiota. These multifactorial maladies also have in common malnutrition related to physiopathology. In this context, diet is the greatest modulator of immune system–microbiota crosstalk, and much interest, and new challenges, are arising in the area of precision nutrition as a way towards treatment and prevention. It is a fact that the westernized diet (WD) is partly responsible for the increased prevalence of NCDs, negatively affecting both gut microbiota and the immune system. Conversely, other nutritional approaches, such as Mediterranean diet (MD), positively influence immune system and gut microbiota, and is proposed not only as a potential tool in the clinical management of different disease conditions, but also for prevention and health promotion globally. Thus, the purpose of this review is to determine the regulatory role of nutritional components of WD and MD in the gut microbiota and immune system interplay, in order to understand, and create awareness of, the influence of diet over both key components.
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spelling pubmed-79270552021-03-04 Nutritional Components in Western Diet Versus Mediterranean Diet at the Gut Microbiota–Immune System Interplay. Implications for Health and Disease García-Montero, Cielo Fraile-Martínez, Oscar Gómez-Lahoz, Ana M. Pekarek, Leonel Castellanos, Alejandro J. Noguerales-Fraguas, Fernando Coca, Santiago Guijarro, Luis G. García-Honduvilla, Natalio Asúnsolo, Angel Sanchez-Trujillo, Lara Lahera, Guillermo Bujan, Julia Monserrat, Jorge Álvarez-Mon, Melchor Álvarez-Mon, Miguel A. Ortega, Miguel A. Nutrients Review The most prevalent diseases of our time, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) (including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and some types of cancer) are rising worldwide. All of them share the condition of an “inflammatory disorder”, with impaired immune functions frequently caused or accompanied by alterations in gut microbiota. These multifactorial maladies also have in common malnutrition related to physiopathology. In this context, diet is the greatest modulator of immune system–microbiota crosstalk, and much interest, and new challenges, are arising in the area of precision nutrition as a way towards treatment and prevention. It is a fact that the westernized diet (WD) is partly responsible for the increased prevalence of NCDs, negatively affecting both gut microbiota and the immune system. Conversely, other nutritional approaches, such as Mediterranean diet (MD), positively influence immune system and gut microbiota, and is proposed not only as a potential tool in the clinical management of different disease conditions, but also for prevention and health promotion globally. Thus, the purpose of this review is to determine the regulatory role of nutritional components of WD and MD in the gut microbiota and immune system interplay, in order to understand, and create awareness of, the influence of diet over both key components. MDPI 2021-02-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7927055/ /pubmed/33671569 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020699 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
García-Montero, Cielo
Fraile-Martínez, Oscar
Gómez-Lahoz, Ana M.
Pekarek, Leonel
Castellanos, Alejandro J.
Noguerales-Fraguas, Fernando
Coca, Santiago
Guijarro, Luis G.
García-Honduvilla, Natalio
Asúnsolo, Angel
Sanchez-Trujillo, Lara
Lahera, Guillermo
Bujan, Julia
Monserrat, Jorge
Álvarez-Mon, Melchor
Álvarez-Mon, Miguel A.
Ortega, Miguel A.
Nutritional Components in Western Diet Versus Mediterranean Diet at the Gut Microbiota–Immune System Interplay. Implications for Health and Disease
title Nutritional Components in Western Diet Versus Mediterranean Diet at the Gut Microbiota–Immune System Interplay. Implications for Health and Disease
title_full Nutritional Components in Western Diet Versus Mediterranean Diet at the Gut Microbiota–Immune System Interplay. Implications for Health and Disease
title_fullStr Nutritional Components in Western Diet Versus Mediterranean Diet at the Gut Microbiota–Immune System Interplay. Implications for Health and Disease
title_full_unstemmed Nutritional Components in Western Diet Versus Mediterranean Diet at the Gut Microbiota–Immune System Interplay. Implications for Health and Disease
title_short Nutritional Components in Western Diet Versus Mediterranean Diet at the Gut Microbiota–Immune System Interplay. Implications for Health and Disease
title_sort nutritional components in western diet versus mediterranean diet at the gut microbiota–immune system interplay. implications for health and disease
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7927055/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33671569
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020699
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