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Cell-to-Cell Communication by Host-Released Extracellular Vesicles in the Gut: Implications in Health and Disease
Communication between cells is crucial to preserve body homeostasis and health. Tightly controlled intercellular dialog is particularly relevant in the gut, where cells of the intestinal mucosa are constantly exposed to millions of microbes that have great impact on intestinal homeostasis by control...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7927122/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33672304 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22042213 |
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author | Diaz-Garrido, Natalia Cordero, Cecilia Olivo-Martinez, Yenifer Badia, Josefa Baldomà, Laura |
author_facet | Diaz-Garrido, Natalia Cordero, Cecilia Olivo-Martinez, Yenifer Badia, Josefa Baldomà, Laura |
author_sort | Diaz-Garrido, Natalia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Communication between cells is crucial to preserve body homeostasis and health. Tightly controlled intercellular dialog is particularly relevant in the gut, where cells of the intestinal mucosa are constantly exposed to millions of microbes that have great impact on intestinal homeostasis by controlling barrier and immune functions. Recent knowledge involves extracellular vesicles (EVs) as mediators of such communication by transferring messenger bioactive molecules including proteins, lipids, and miRNAs between cells and tissues. The specific functions of EVs principally depend on the internal cargo, which upon delivery to target cells trigger signal events that modulate cellular functions. The vesicular cargo is greatly influenced by genetic, pathological, and environmental factors. This finding provides the basis for investigating potential clinical applications of EVs as therapeutic targets or diagnostic biomarkers. Here, we review current knowledge on the biogenesis and cargo composition of EVs in general terms. We then focus the attention to EVs released by cells of the intestinal mucosa and their impact on intestinal homeostasis in health and disease. We specifically highlight their role on epithelial barrier integrity, wound healing of epithelial cells, immunity, and microbiota shaping. Microbiota-derived EVs are not reviewed here. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7927122 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79271222021-03-04 Cell-to-Cell Communication by Host-Released Extracellular Vesicles in the Gut: Implications in Health and Disease Diaz-Garrido, Natalia Cordero, Cecilia Olivo-Martinez, Yenifer Badia, Josefa Baldomà, Laura Int J Mol Sci Review Communication between cells is crucial to preserve body homeostasis and health. Tightly controlled intercellular dialog is particularly relevant in the gut, where cells of the intestinal mucosa are constantly exposed to millions of microbes that have great impact on intestinal homeostasis by controlling barrier and immune functions. Recent knowledge involves extracellular vesicles (EVs) as mediators of such communication by transferring messenger bioactive molecules including proteins, lipids, and miRNAs between cells and tissues. The specific functions of EVs principally depend on the internal cargo, which upon delivery to target cells trigger signal events that modulate cellular functions. The vesicular cargo is greatly influenced by genetic, pathological, and environmental factors. This finding provides the basis for investigating potential clinical applications of EVs as therapeutic targets or diagnostic biomarkers. Here, we review current knowledge on the biogenesis and cargo composition of EVs in general terms. We then focus the attention to EVs released by cells of the intestinal mucosa and their impact on intestinal homeostasis in health and disease. We specifically highlight their role on epithelial barrier integrity, wound healing of epithelial cells, immunity, and microbiota shaping. Microbiota-derived EVs are not reviewed here. MDPI 2021-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7927122/ /pubmed/33672304 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22042213 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Diaz-Garrido, Natalia Cordero, Cecilia Olivo-Martinez, Yenifer Badia, Josefa Baldomà, Laura Cell-to-Cell Communication by Host-Released Extracellular Vesicles in the Gut: Implications in Health and Disease |
title | Cell-to-Cell Communication by Host-Released Extracellular Vesicles in the Gut: Implications in Health and Disease |
title_full | Cell-to-Cell Communication by Host-Released Extracellular Vesicles in the Gut: Implications in Health and Disease |
title_fullStr | Cell-to-Cell Communication by Host-Released Extracellular Vesicles in the Gut: Implications in Health and Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Cell-to-Cell Communication by Host-Released Extracellular Vesicles in the Gut: Implications in Health and Disease |
title_short | Cell-to-Cell Communication by Host-Released Extracellular Vesicles in the Gut: Implications in Health and Disease |
title_sort | cell-to-cell communication by host-released extracellular vesicles in the gut: implications in health and disease |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7927122/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33672304 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22042213 |
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