Cargando…

Cell-to-Cell Communication by Host-Released Extracellular Vesicles in the Gut: Implications in Health and Disease

Communication between cells is crucial to preserve body homeostasis and health. Tightly controlled intercellular dialog is particularly relevant in the gut, where cells of the intestinal mucosa are constantly exposed to millions of microbes that have great impact on intestinal homeostasis by control...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Diaz-Garrido, Natalia, Cordero, Cecilia, Olivo-Martinez, Yenifer, Badia, Josefa, Baldomà, Laura
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7927122/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33672304
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22042213
_version_ 1783659620552671232
author Diaz-Garrido, Natalia
Cordero, Cecilia
Olivo-Martinez, Yenifer
Badia, Josefa
Baldomà, Laura
author_facet Diaz-Garrido, Natalia
Cordero, Cecilia
Olivo-Martinez, Yenifer
Badia, Josefa
Baldomà, Laura
author_sort Diaz-Garrido, Natalia
collection PubMed
description Communication between cells is crucial to preserve body homeostasis and health. Tightly controlled intercellular dialog is particularly relevant in the gut, where cells of the intestinal mucosa are constantly exposed to millions of microbes that have great impact on intestinal homeostasis by controlling barrier and immune functions. Recent knowledge involves extracellular vesicles (EVs) as mediators of such communication by transferring messenger bioactive molecules including proteins, lipids, and miRNAs between cells and tissues. The specific functions of EVs principally depend on the internal cargo, which upon delivery to target cells trigger signal events that modulate cellular functions. The vesicular cargo is greatly influenced by genetic, pathological, and environmental factors. This finding provides the basis for investigating potential clinical applications of EVs as therapeutic targets or diagnostic biomarkers. Here, we review current knowledge on the biogenesis and cargo composition of EVs in general terms. We then focus the attention to EVs released by cells of the intestinal mucosa and their impact on intestinal homeostasis in health and disease. We specifically highlight their role on epithelial barrier integrity, wound healing of epithelial cells, immunity, and microbiota shaping. Microbiota-derived EVs are not reviewed here.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7927122
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-79271222021-03-04 Cell-to-Cell Communication by Host-Released Extracellular Vesicles in the Gut: Implications in Health and Disease Diaz-Garrido, Natalia Cordero, Cecilia Olivo-Martinez, Yenifer Badia, Josefa Baldomà, Laura Int J Mol Sci Review Communication between cells is crucial to preserve body homeostasis and health. Tightly controlled intercellular dialog is particularly relevant in the gut, where cells of the intestinal mucosa are constantly exposed to millions of microbes that have great impact on intestinal homeostasis by controlling barrier and immune functions. Recent knowledge involves extracellular vesicles (EVs) as mediators of such communication by transferring messenger bioactive molecules including proteins, lipids, and miRNAs between cells and tissues. The specific functions of EVs principally depend on the internal cargo, which upon delivery to target cells trigger signal events that modulate cellular functions. The vesicular cargo is greatly influenced by genetic, pathological, and environmental factors. This finding provides the basis for investigating potential clinical applications of EVs as therapeutic targets or diagnostic biomarkers. Here, we review current knowledge on the biogenesis and cargo composition of EVs in general terms. We then focus the attention to EVs released by cells of the intestinal mucosa and their impact on intestinal homeostasis in health and disease. We specifically highlight their role on epithelial barrier integrity, wound healing of epithelial cells, immunity, and microbiota shaping. Microbiota-derived EVs are not reviewed here. MDPI 2021-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7927122/ /pubmed/33672304 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22042213 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Diaz-Garrido, Natalia
Cordero, Cecilia
Olivo-Martinez, Yenifer
Badia, Josefa
Baldomà, Laura
Cell-to-Cell Communication by Host-Released Extracellular Vesicles in the Gut: Implications in Health and Disease
title Cell-to-Cell Communication by Host-Released Extracellular Vesicles in the Gut: Implications in Health and Disease
title_full Cell-to-Cell Communication by Host-Released Extracellular Vesicles in the Gut: Implications in Health and Disease
title_fullStr Cell-to-Cell Communication by Host-Released Extracellular Vesicles in the Gut: Implications in Health and Disease
title_full_unstemmed Cell-to-Cell Communication by Host-Released Extracellular Vesicles in the Gut: Implications in Health and Disease
title_short Cell-to-Cell Communication by Host-Released Extracellular Vesicles in the Gut: Implications in Health and Disease
title_sort cell-to-cell communication by host-released extracellular vesicles in the gut: implications in health and disease
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7927122/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33672304
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22042213
work_keys_str_mv AT diazgarridonatalia celltocellcommunicationbyhostreleasedextracellularvesiclesinthegutimplicationsinhealthanddisease
AT corderocecilia celltocellcommunicationbyhostreleasedextracellularvesiclesinthegutimplicationsinhealthanddisease
AT olivomartinezyenifer celltocellcommunicationbyhostreleasedextracellularvesiclesinthegutimplicationsinhealthanddisease
AT badiajosefa celltocellcommunicationbyhostreleasedextracellularvesiclesinthegutimplicationsinhealthanddisease
AT baldomalaura celltocellcommunicationbyhostreleasedextracellularvesiclesinthegutimplicationsinhealthanddisease