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The Fundamentals of Respiratory Physiology to Manage the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Overview
The growing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) crisis has stressed worldwide healthcare systems probably as never before, requiring a tremendous increase of the capacity of intensive care units to handle the sharp rise of patients in critical situation. Since the dominant respiratory feature of COVID-19...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7930571/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33679424 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.615690 |
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author | Allado, Edem Poussel, Mathias Valentin, Simon Kimmoun, Antoine Levy, Bruno Nguyen, Duc Trung Rumeau, Cécile Chenuel, Bruno |
author_facet | Allado, Edem Poussel, Mathias Valentin, Simon Kimmoun, Antoine Levy, Bruno Nguyen, Duc Trung Rumeau, Cécile Chenuel, Bruno |
author_sort | Allado, Edem |
collection | PubMed |
description | The growing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) crisis has stressed worldwide healthcare systems probably as never before, requiring a tremendous increase of the capacity of intensive care units to handle the sharp rise of patients in critical situation. Since the dominant respiratory feature of COVID-19 is worsening arterial hypoxemia, eventually leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) promptly needing mechanical ventilation, a systematic recourse to intubation of every hypoxemic patient may be difficult to sustain in such peculiar context and may not be deemed appropriate for all patients. Then, it is essential that caregivers have a solid knowledge of physiological principles to properly interpret arterial oxygenation, to intubate at the satisfactory moment, to adequately manage mechanical ventilation, and, finally, to initiate ventilator weaning, as safely and as expeditiously as possible, in order to make it available for the next patient. Through the expected mechanisms of COVID-19-induced hypoxemia, as well as the notion of silent hypoxemia often evoked in COVID-19 lung injury and its potential parallelism with high altitude pulmonary edema, from the description of hemoglobin oxygen affinity in patients with severe COVID-19 to the interest of the prone positioning in order to treat severe ARDS patients, this review aims to help caregivers from any specialty to handle respiratory support following recent knowledge in the pathophysiology of respiratory SARS-CoV-2 infection. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7930571 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79305712021-03-05 The Fundamentals of Respiratory Physiology to Manage the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Overview Allado, Edem Poussel, Mathias Valentin, Simon Kimmoun, Antoine Levy, Bruno Nguyen, Duc Trung Rumeau, Cécile Chenuel, Bruno Front Physiol Physiology The growing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) crisis has stressed worldwide healthcare systems probably as never before, requiring a tremendous increase of the capacity of intensive care units to handle the sharp rise of patients in critical situation. Since the dominant respiratory feature of COVID-19 is worsening arterial hypoxemia, eventually leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) promptly needing mechanical ventilation, a systematic recourse to intubation of every hypoxemic patient may be difficult to sustain in such peculiar context and may not be deemed appropriate for all patients. Then, it is essential that caregivers have a solid knowledge of physiological principles to properly interpret arterial oxygenation, to intubate at the satisfactory moment, to adequately manage mechanical ventilation, and, finally, to initiate ventilator weaning, as safely and as expeditiously as possible, in order to make it available for the next patient. Through the expected mechanisms of COVID-19-induced hypoxemia, as well as the notion of silent hypoxemia often evoked in COVID-19 lung injury and its potential parallelism with high altitude pulmonary edema, from the description of hemoglobin oxygen affinity in patients with severe COVID-19 to the interest of the prone positioning in order to treat severe ARDS patients, this review aims to help caregivers from any specialty to handle respiratory support following recent knowledge in the pathophysiology of respiratory SARS-CoV-2 infection. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-02-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7930571/ /pubmed/33679424 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.615690 Text en Copyright © 2021 Allado, Poussel, Valentin, Kimmoun, Levy, Nguyen, Rumeau and Chenuel. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Physiology Allado, Edem Poussel, Mathias Valentin, Simon Kimmoun, Antoine Levy, Bruno Nguyen, Duc Trung Rumeau, Cécile Chenuel, Bruno The Fundamentals of Respiratory Physiology to Manage the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Overview |
title | The Fundamentals of Respiratory Physiology to Manage the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Overview |
title_full | The Fundamentals of Respiratory Physiology to Manage the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Overview |
title_fullStr | The Fundamentals of Respiratory Physiology to Manage the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Overview |
title_full_unstemmed | The Fundamentals of Respiratory Physiology to Manage the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Overview |
title_short | The Fundamentals of Respiratory Physiology to Manage the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Overview |
title_sort | fundamentals of respiratory physiology to manage the covid-19 pandemic: an overview |
topic | Physiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7930571/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33679424 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.615690 |
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