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Dosimetry Analysis in Non-brain Tissues During TMS Exposure of Broca’s and M1 Areas
For human protection, the internal electric field is used as a dosimetric quantity for electromagnetic fields lower than 5–10 MHz. According to international standards, in this frequency range, electrostimulation is the main adverse effect against which protection is needed. One of the topics to be...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7933205/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33679319 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.644951 |
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author | Gomez-Tames, Jose Tani, Keisuke Hayashi, Kazuya Tanaka, Satoshi Ueno, Shoogo Hirata, Akimasa |
author_facet | Gomez-Tames, Jose Tani, Keisuke Hayashi, Kazuya Tanaka, Satoshi Ueno, Shoogo Hirata, Akimasa |
author_sort | Gomez-Tames, Jose |
collection | PubMed |
description | For human protection, the internal electric field is used as a dosimetric quantity for electromagnetic fields lower than 5–10 MHz. According to international standards, in this frequency range, electrostimulation is the main adverse effect against which protection is needed. One of the topics to be investigated is the quantification of the internal electric field threshold levels of perception and pain. Pain has been reported as a side effect during transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), especially during stimulation of the Broca’s (speech) area of the brain. In this study, we designed an experiment to conduct a dosimetry analysis to quantify the internal electric field corresponding to perception and pain thresholds when targeting the Broca’s and M1 areas from magnetic stimulator exposure. Dosimetry analysis was conducted using a multi-scale analysis in an individualized head model to investigate electrostimulation in an axonal model. The main finding is that the stimulation on the primary motor cortex has higher perception and pain thresholds when compared to Broca’s area. Also, TMS-induced electric field applied to Broca’s area exhibited dependence on the coil orientation at lower electric field threshold which was found to be related to the location and thickness of pain fibers. The derived dosimetry quantities provide a scientific rationale for the development of human protection guidelines and the estimation of possible side effects of magnetic stimulation in clinical applications. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7933205 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79332052021-03-06 Dosimetry Analysis in Non-brain Tissues During TMS Exposure of Broca’s and M1 Areas Gomez-Tames, Jose Tani, Keisuke Hayashi, Kazuya Tanaka, Satoshi Ueno, Shoogo Hirata, Akimasa Front Neurosci Neuroscience For human protection, the internal electric field is used as a dosimetric quantity for electromagnetic fields lower than 5–10 MHz. According to international standards, in this frequency range, electrostimulation is the main adverse effect against which protection is needed. One of the topics to be investigated is the quantification of the internal electric field threshold levels of perception and pain. Pain has been reported as a side effect during transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), especially during stimulation of the Broca’s (speech) area of the brain. In this study, we designed an experiment to conduct a dosimetry analysis to quantify the internal electric field corresponding to perception and pain thresholds when targeting the Broca’s and M1 areas from magnetic stimulator exposure. Dosimetry analysis was conducted using a multi-scale analysis in an individualized head model to investigate electrostimulation in an axonal model. The main finding is that the stimulation on the primary motor cortex has higher perception and pain thresholds when compared to Broca’s area. Also, TMS-induced electric field applied to Broca’s area exhibited dependence on the coil orientation at lower electric field threshold which was found to be related to the location and thickness of pain fibers. The derived dosimetry quantities provide a scientific rationale for the development of human protection guidelines and the estimation of possible side effects of magnetic stimulation in clinical applications. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-02-19 /pmc/articles/PMC7933205/ /pubmed/33679319 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.644951 Text en Copyright © 2021 Gomez-Tames, Tani, Hayashi, Tanaka, Ueno and Hirata. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Gomez-Tames, Jose Tani, Keisuke Hayashi, Kazuya Tanaka, Satoshi Ueno, Shoogo Hirata, Akimasa Dosimetry Analysis in Non-brain Tissues During TMS Exposure of Broca’s and M1 Areas |
title | Dosimetry Analysis in Non-brain Tissues During TMS Exposure of Broca’s and M1 Areas |
title_full | Dosimetry Analysis in Non-brain Tissues During TMS Exposure of Broca’s and M1 Areas |
title_fullStr | Dosimetry Analysis in Non-brain Tissues During TMS Exposure of Broca’s and M1 Areas |
title_full_unstemmed | Dosimetry Analysis in Non-brain Tissues During TMS Exposure of Broca’s and M1 Areas |
title_short | Dosimetry Analysis in Non-brain Tissues During TMS Exposure of Broca’s and M1 Areas |
title_sort | dosimetry analysis in non-brain tissues during tms exposure of broca’s and m1 areas |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7933205/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33679319 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.644951 |
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