Long noncoding RNA LINC00518 induces radioresistance by regulating glycolysis through an miR-33a-3p/HIF-1α negative feedback loop in melanoma

The long noncoding RNA, LINC00518, is highly expressed in various types of cancers and is involved in cancer progression. Although LINC00518 promotes the metastasis of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), the mechanism underlaying its effects on CMM radiosensitivity remains unclear. In this study, LINC00518 expression was significantly upregulated in CMM samples, and LINC00518 levels were associated with poor prognosis of patients with CMM. Knockdown of LINC00518 in CMM cells significantly inhibited cell invasion, migration, proliferation, and clonogenicity. LINC00518-mediated invasion, migration, proliferation, and clonogenicity were negatively regulated by the microRNA, miR-33a-3p, in vitro, which increased sensitivity to radiotherapy via inhibition of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α)/lactate dehydrogenase A glycolysis axis. Additionally, HIF-1α recognized the miR-33a-3p promoter region and recruited histone deacetylase 2, which decreased the expression of miR-33a-3p and formed an LINC00518/miR-33a-3p/HIF-1α negative feedback loop. Furthermore, signaling with initially activated glycolysis and radioresistance in CMM cells was impaired by Santacruzamate A, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, and 2-deoxy-D-glucose, a glycolytic inhibitor. Lastly, knockdown of LINC00518 expression sensitized CMM cancer cells to radiotherapy in an in vivo subcutaneously implanted tumor model. In conclusion, LINC00518 was confirmed to be an oncogene in CMM, which induces radioresistance by regulating glycolysis through an miR-33a-3p/HIF-1α negative feedback loop. Our study, may provide a potential strategy to improve the treatment outcome of radiotherapy in CMM.