Anwulignan is a novel JAK1 inhibitor that suppresses non‐small cell lung cancer growth

Anwulignan is a monomer compound derived from Schisandra sphenanthera lignans. It has been reported to possess a spectrum of pharmacological activities, including anti‐bacterial, anti‐inflammatory, anticancer and hepatoprotective properties. However, its anticancer capacity and molecular mechanism(s) against non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been fully elucidated. Anwulignan significantly inhibited cell growth and increased G1‐phase cell cycle arrest in NSCLC cells. Anwulignan strongly attenuates the JAK1/STAT3 signalling pathway by directly targeting JAK1 protein kinase activity in vitro. The anticancer activity by Anwulignan is dependent upon the JAK1 protein expression. Remarkably, Anwulignan strongly inhibited tumour growth in vivo. In conclusion, Anwulignan is a novel JAK1 inhibitor that may have therapeutic implications for NSCLC management.