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Real-time observation of frequency Bloch oscillations with fibre loop modulation

Bloch oscillations (BOs) were initially predicted for electrons in a solid lattice to which a static electric field is applied. The observation of BOs in solids remains challenging due to the collision scattering and barrier tunnelling of electrons. Nevertheless, analogies of electron BOs for photon...

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Autores principales: Chen, Hao, Yang, NingNing, Qin, Chengzhi, Li, Wenwan, Wang, Bing, Han, Tianwen, Zhang, Chi, Liu, Weiwei, Wang, Kai, Long, Hua, Zhang, Xinliang, Lu, Peixiang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7935930/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33674556
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-021-00494-w
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author Chen, Hao
Yang, NingNing
Qin, Chengzhi
Li, Wenwan
Wang, Bing
Han, Tianwen
Zhang, Chi
Liu, Weiwei
Wang, Kai
Long, Hua
Zhang, Xinliang
Lu, Peixiang
author_facet Chen, Hao
Yang, NingNing
Qin, Chengzhi
Li, Wenwan
Wang, Bing
Han, Tianwen
Zhang, Chi
Liu, Weiwei
Wang, Kai
Long, Hua
Zhang, Xinliang
Lu, Peixiang
author_sort Chen, Hao
collection PubMed
description Bloch oscillations (BOs) were initially predicted for electrons in a solid lattice to which a static electric field is applied. The observation of BOs in solids remains challenging due to the collision scattering and barrier tunnelling of electrons. Nevertheless, analogies of electron BOs for photons, acoustic phonons and cold atoms have been experimentally demonstrated in various lattice systems. Recently, BOs in the frequency dimension have been proposed and studied by using an optical micro-resonator, which provides a unique approach to controlling the light frequency. However, the finite resonator lifetime and intrinsic loss hinder the effect from being observed practically. Here, we experimentally demonstrate BOs in a synthetic frequency lattice by employing a fibre-loop circuit with detuned phase modulation. We show that a detuning between the modulation period and the fibre-loop roundtrip time acts as an effective vector potential and hence a constant effective force that can yield BOs in the modulation-induced frequency lattices. With a dispersive Fourier transformation, the pulse spectrum can be mapped into the time dimension, and its transient evolution can be precisely measured. This study offers a promising approach to realising BOs in synthetic dimensions and may find applications in frequency manipulations in optical fibre communication systems.
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spelling pubmed-79359302021-03-19 Real-time observation of frequency Bloch oscillations with fibre loop modulation Chen, Hao Yang, NingNing Qin, Chengzhi Li, Wenwan Wang, Bing Han, Tianwen Zhang, Chi Liu, Weiwei Wang, Kai Long, Hua Zhang, Xinliang Lu, Peixiang Light Sci Appl Article Bloch oscillations (BOs) were initially predicted for electrons in a solid lattice to which a static electric field is applied. The observation of BOs in solids remains challenging due to the collision scattering and barrier tunnelling of electrons. Nevertheless, analogies of electron BOs for photons, acoustic phonons and cold atoms have been experimentally demonstrated in various lattice systems. Recently, BOs in the frequency dimension have been proposed and studied by using an optical micro-resonator, which provides a unique approach to controlling the light frequency. However, the finite resonator lifetime and intrinsic loss hinder the effect from being observed practically. Here, we experimentally demonstrate BOs in a synthetic frequency lattice by employing a fibre-loop circuit with detuned phase modulation. We show that a detuning between the modulation period and the fibre-loop roundtrip time acts as an effective vector potential and hence a constant effective force that can yield BOs in the modulation-induced frequency lattices. With a dispersive Fourier transformation, the pulse spectrum can be mapped into the time dimension, and its transient evolution can be precisely measured. This study offers a promising approach to realising BOs in synthetic dimensions and may find applications in frequency manipulations in optical fibre communication systems. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-03-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7935930/ /pubmed/33674556 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-021-00494-w Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Chen, Hao
Yang, NingNing
Qin, Chengzhi
Li, Wenwan
Wang, Bing
Han, Tianwen
Zhang, Chi
Liu, Weiwei
Wang, Kai
Long, Hua
Zhang, Xinliang
Lu, Peixiang
Real-time observation of frequency Bloch oscillations with fibre loop modulation
title Real-time observation of frequency Bloch oscillations with fibre loop modulation
title_full Real-time observation of frequency Bloch oscillations with fibre loop modulation
title_fullStr Real-time observation of frequency Bloch oscillations with fibre loop modulation
title_full_unstemmed Real-time observation of frequency Bloch oscillations with fibre loop modulation
title_short Real-time observation of frequency Bloch oscillations with fibre loop modulation
title_sort real-time observation of frequency bloch oscillations with fibre loop modulation
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7935930/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33674556
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-021-00494-w
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