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Differences in the gut microbiomes of dogs and wolves: roles of antibiotics and starch
BACKGROUND: Dogs are domesticated wolves. Change of living environment, such as diet and veterinary care may affect the gut bacterial flora of dogs. The aim of this study was to assess the gut bacterial diversity and function in dogs compared with captive wolves. We surveyed the gut bacterial divers...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7937242/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33676490 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-02815-y |
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author | Liu, Yuting Liu, Bo Liu, Chengwu Hu, Yumiao Liu, Chang Li, Xiaoping Li, Xibao Zhang, Xiaoshuang Irwin, David M. Wu, Zhiqiang Chen, Zeliang Jin, Qi Zhang, Shuyi |
author_facet | Liu, Yuting Liu, Bo Liu, Chengwu Hu, Yumiao Liu, Chang Li, Xiaoping Li, Xibao Zhang, Xiaoshuang Irwin, David M. Wu, Zhiqiang Chen, Zeliang Jin, Qi Zhang, Shuyi |
author_sort | Liu, Yuting |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Dogs are domesticated wolves. Change of living environment, such as diet and veterinary care may affect the gut bacterial flora of dogs. The aim of this study was to assess the gut bacterial diversity and function in dogs compared with captive wolves. We surveyed the gut bacterial diversity of 27 domestic dogs, which were fed commercial dog food, and 31 wolves, which were fed uncooked meat, by 16S rRNA sequencing. In addition, we collected fecal samples from 5 dogs and 5 wolves for shotgun metagenomic sequencing to explore changes in the functions of their gut microbiome. RESULTS: Differences in the abundance of core bacterial genera were observed between dogs and wolves. Together with shotgun metagenomics, the gut microbiome of dogs was found to be enriched in bacteria resistant to clinical drugs (P < 0.001), while wolves were enriched in bacteria resistant to antibiotics used in livestock (P < 0.001). In addition, a higher abundance of putative α-amylase genes (P < 0.05; P < 0.01) was observed in the dog samples. CONCLUSIONS: Living environment of dogs and domestic wolves has led to increased numbers of bacteria with antibiotic resistance genes, with exposure to antibiotics through direct and indirect methods. In addition, the living environment of dogs has allowed the adaptation of their microbiota to a starch-rich diet. These observations align with a domestic lifestyle for domestic dogs and captive wolves, which might have consequences for public health. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7937242 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79372422021-03-09 Differences in the gut microbiomes of dogs and wolves: roles of antibiotics and starch Liu, Yuting Liu, Bo Liu, Chengwu Hu, Yumiao Liu, Chang Li, Xiaoping Li, Xibao Zhang, Xiaoshuang Irwin, David M. Wu, Zhiqiang Chen, Zeliang Jin, Qi Zhang, Shuyi BMC Vet Res Research Article BACKGROUND: Dogs are domesticated wolves. Change of living environment, such as diet and veterinary care may affect the gut bacterial flora of dogs. The aim of this study was to assess the gut bacterial diversity and function in dogs compared with captive wolves. We surveyed the gut bacterial diversity of 27 domestic dogs, which were fed commercial dog food, and 31 wolves, which were fed uncooked meat, by 16S rRNA sequencing. In addition, we collected fecal samples from 5 dogs and 5 wolves for shotgun metagenomic sequencing to explore changes in the functions of their gut microbiome. RESULTS: Differences in the abundance of core bacterial genera were observed between dogs and wolves. Together with shotgun metagenomics, the gut microbiome of dogs was found to be enriched in bacteria resistant to clinical drugs (P < 0.001), while wolves were enriched in bacteria resistant to antibiotics used in livestock (P < 0.001). In addition, a higher abundance of putative α-amylase genes (P < 0.05; P < 0.01) was observed in the dog samples. CONCLUSIONS: Living environment of dogs and domestic wolves has led to increased numbers of bacteria with antibiotic resistance genes, with exposure to antibiotics through direct and indirect methods. In addition, the living environment of dogs has allowed the adaptation of their microbiota to a starch-rich diet. These observations align with a domestic lifestyle for domestic dogs and captive wolves, which might have consequences for public health. BioMed Central 2021-03-06 /pmc/articles/PMC7937242/ /pubmed/33676490 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-02815-y Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Liu, Yuting Liu, Bo Liu, Chengwu Hu, Yumiao Liu, Chang Li, Xiaoping Li, Xibao Zhang, Xiaoshuang Irwin, David M. Wu, Zhiqiang Chen, Zeliang Jin, Qi Zhang, Shuyi Differences in the gut microbiomes of dogs and wolves: roles of antibiotics and starch |
title | Differences in the gut microbiomes of dogs and wolves: roles of antibiotics and starch |
title_full | Differences in the gut microbiomes of dogs and wolves: roles of antibiotics and starch |
title_fullStr | Differences in the gut microbiomes of dogs and wolves: roles of antibiotics and starch |
title_full_unstemmed | Differences in the gut microbiomes of dogs and wolves: roles of antibiotics and starch |
title_short | Differences in the gut microbiomes of dogs and wolves: roles of antibiotics and starch |
title_sort | differences in the gut microbiomes of dogs and wolves: roles of antibiotics and starch |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7937242/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33676490 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-02815-y |
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