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The blur horopter: Retinal conjugate surface in binocular viewing

From measurements of wavefront aberrations in 16 emmetropic eyes, we calculated where objects in the world create best-focused images across the central 27 [Formula: see text] (diameter) of the retina. This is the retinal conjugate surface. We calculated how the surface changes as the eye accommodat...

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Autores principales: Gibaldi, Agostino, Labhishetty, Vivek, Thibos, Larry N., Banks, Martin S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7938023/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33661280
http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.21.3.8
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author Gibaldi, Agostino
Labhishetty, Vivek
Thibos, Larry N.
Banks, Martin S.
author_facet Gibaldi, Agostino
Labhishetty, Vivek
Thibos, Larry N.
Banks, Martin S.
author_sort Gibaldi, Agostino
collection PubMed
description From measurements of wavefront aberrations in 16 emmetropic eyes, we calculated where objects in the world create best-focused images across the central 27 [Formula: see text] (diameter) of the retina. This is the retinal conjugate surface. We calculated how the surface changes as the eye accommodates from near to far and found that it mostly maintains its shape. The conjugate surface is pitched top-back, meaning that the upper visual field is relatively hyperopic compared to the lower field. We extended the measurements of best image quality into the binocular domain by considering how the retinal conjugate surfaces for the two eyes overlap in binocular viewing. We call this binocular extension the blur horopter. We show that in combining the two images with possibly different sharpness, the visual system creates a larger depth of field of apparently sharp images than occurs with monocular viewing. We examined similarities between the blur horopter and its analog in binocular vision: the binocular horopter. We compared these horopters to the statistics of the natural visual environment. The binocular horopter and scene statistics are strikingly similar. The blur horopter and natural statistics are qualitatively, but not quantitatively, similar. Finally, we used the measurements to refine what is commonly referred to as the zone of clear single binocular vision.
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spelling pubmed-79380232021-03-12 The blur horopter: Retinal conjugate surface in binocular viewing Gibaldi, Agostino Labhishetty, Vivek Thibos, Larry N. Banks, Martin S. J Vis Article From measurements of wavefront aberrations in 16 emmetropic eyes, we calculated where objects in the world create best-focused images across the central 27 [Formula: see text] (diameter) of the retina. This is the retinal conjugate surface. We calculated how the surface changes as the eye accommodates from near to far and found that it mostly maintains its shape. The conjugate surface is pitched top-back, meaning that the upper visual field is relatively hyperopic compared to the lower field. We extended the measurements of best image quality into the binocular domain by considering how the retinal conjugate surfaces for the two eyes overlap in binocular viewing. We call this binocular extension the blur horopter. We show that in combining the two images with possibly different sharpness, the visual system creates a larger depth of field of apparently sharp images than occurs with monocular viewing. We examined similarities between the blur horopter and its analog in binocular vision: the binocular horopter. We compared these horopters to the statistics of the natural visual environment. The binocular horopter and scene statistics are strikingly similar. The blur horopter and natural statistics are qualitatively, but not quantitatively, similar. Finally, we used the measurements to refine what is commonly referred to as the zone of clear single binocular vision. The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology 2021-03-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7938023/ /pubmed/33661280 http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.21.3.8 Text en Copyright 2021 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
spellingShingle Article
Gibaldi, Agostino
Labhishetty, Vivek
Thibos, Larry N.
Banks, Martin S.
The blur horopter: Retinal conjugate surface in binocular viewing
title The blur horopter: Retinal conjugate surface in binocular viewing
title_full The blur horopter: Retinal conjugate surface in binocular viewing
title_fullStr The blur horopter: Retinal conjugate surface in binocular viewing
title_full_unstemmed The blur horopter: Retinal conjugate surface in binocular viewing
title_short The blur horopter: Retinal conjugate surface in binocular viewing
title_sort blur horopter: retinal conjugate surface in binocular viewing
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7938023/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33661280
http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.21.3.8
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