Protective effect of vanillic acid in hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in D.Mel-2 cell line

The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes oxidative stress, such as Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)). Acute oxidative stress is one of the main reasons for cell death. In this study, the antioxidant properties of vanillic acid- a polyphenolic compound was evaluated. Therefore, this study aims to check the effectiveness of vanillic acid in H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative stress in D. Mel-2 cell line. The efficacy was determined by biochemical tests to check the ROS production. The cytotoxicity of H(2)O(2) and vanillic acid was checked by MTT assay. The DNA fragmentation was visualized by gel electrophoresis. Protein biomarkers of oxidative stress were analyzed by western blotting. The results depict a promising antioxidant effect of vanillic acid. The IC(50) value of vanillic acid and H(2)O(2) was found 250 μg/ml and 125 μg/ml, respectively. The catalase activity, SOF, GPx, and PC was seen less in H(2)O(2) treated group compared with the control and vanillic acid treated group. However, the TBRAS activity was hight in H(2)O(2) treated group. The effect of H(2)O(2) on DNA fragmentation was high as compared with vanillic acid-treated cells. The protein expression of Hsp70, IL-6 and iNOS was seen significant in a vanillic acid-treated group as compared with H(2)O(2) treated group. These results reinforce that at low concentration, vanillic acid could be used as an antioxidant agent in the food and pharmaceutical industries.