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Effect of Prolonged Duration of Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy of the Prostate and Pre-Procedure Anxiety on Pain in Patients without Anesthesia

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate factors correlated with pain during prostate biopsy and willingness to undergo transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TR-PBx) again without anesthesia in patients undergoing TR-PBx without anesthesia. METHODS: This retrospective, single-center study evaluated 624 patie...

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Autores principales: Nakai, Yasushi, Tanaka, Nobumichi, Matsubara, Toshihiko, Anai, Satoshi, Miyake, Makito, Hori, Shunta, Fujii, Tomomi, Ohbayashi, Chiho, Fujimoto, Kiyohide
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7939514/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33692969
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/RRU.S297703
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author Nakai, Yasushi
Tanaka, Nobumichi
Matsubara, Toshihiko
Anai, Satoshi
Miyake, Makito
Hori, Shunta
Fujii, Tomomi
Ohbayashi, Chiho
Fujimoto, Kiyohide
author_facet Nakai, Yasushi
Tanaka, Nobumichi
Matsubara, Toshihiko
Anai, Satoshi
Miyake, Makito
Hori, Shunta
Fujii, Tomomi
Ohbayashi, Chiho
Fujimoto, Kiyohide
author_sort Nakai, Yasushi
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: To evaluate factors correlated with pain during prostate biopsy and willingness to undergo transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TR-PBx) again without anesthesia in patients undergoing TR-PBx without anesthesia. METHODS: This retrospective, single-center study evaluated 624 patients who underwent TR-PBx without anesthesia. Based on a nomogram using patient age and prostate volume, 6–12 core biopsy samples were allocated. Anxiety was evaluated using the Faces Anxiety Scale before the TR-PBx. Pain was evaluated using the Faces Pain Scale at each puncture and immediately after confirmation of cessation of bleeding from the rectum after the transrectal probe was pulled out. The question “If this operation must be repeated, would you agree to undergo it again under same conditions?” was asked after the procedure was completed. The change in pain at each puncture and factors correlated with post-procedural pain were calculated using multiple regression analysis, and factors predicting an answer of “yes” to the question using binary logistic analysis were evaluated. RESULTS: Scores on the Faces Pain Scale significantly increased from the first core sample to last as the number of samples increased. However, the number of samples did not show significant correlation with pain evaluated after the procedure was complete. Time during the biopsy and the anxiety score had a significant correlation with the pain scale score for the completed procedure. Short duration of TR-biopsy and a low anxiety score predicted a reply of “Yes” to the question. CONCLUSION: A long operative time during the TR-PBx procedure and strong pre-procedure anxiety can increase pain for patients undergoing the procedure without anesthesia and cause patients to be unwilling to undergo TR-PBx again without anesthesia.
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spelling pubmed-79395142021-03-09 Effect of Prolonged Duration of Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy of the Prostate and Pre-Procedure Anxiety on Pain in Patients without Anesthesia Nakai, Yasushi Tanaka, Nobumichi Matsubara, Toshihiko Anai, Satoshi Miyake, Makito Hori, Shunta Fujii, Tomomi Ohbayashi, Chiho Fujimoto, Kiyohide Res Rep Urol Original Research OBJECTIVE: To evaluate factors correlated with pain during prostate biopsy and willingness to undergo transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TR-PBx) again without anesthesia in patients undergoing TR-PBx without anesthesia. METHODS: This retrospective, single-center study evaluated 624 patients who underwent TR-PBx without anesthesia. Based on a nomogram using patient age and prostate volume, 6–12 core biopsy samples were allocated. Anxiety was evaluated using the Faces Anxiety Scale before the TR-PBx. Pain was evaluated using the Faces Pain Scale at each puncture and immediately after confirmation of cessation of bleeding from the rectum after the transrectal probe was pulled out. The question “If this operation must be repeated, would you agree to undergo it again under same conditions?” was asked after the procedure was completed. The change in pain at each puncture and factors correlated with post-procedural pain were calculated using multiple regression analysis, and factors predicting an answer of “yes” to the question using binary logistic analysis were evaluated. RESULTS: Scores on the Faces Pain Scale significantly increased from the first core sample to last as the number of samples increased. However, the number of samples did not show significant correlation with pain evaluated after the procedure was complete. Time during the biopsy and the anxiety score had a significant correlation with the pain scale score for the completed procedure. Short duration of TR-biopsy and a low anxiety score predicted a reply of “Yes” to the question. CONCLUSION: A long operative time during the TR-PBx procedure and strong pre-procedure anxiety can increase pain for patients undergoing the procedure without anesthesia and cause patients to be unwilling to undergo TR-PBx again without anesthesia. Dove 2021-03-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7939514/ /pubmed/33692969 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/RRU.S297703 Text en © 2021 Nakai et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).
spellingShingle Original Research
Nakai, Yasushi
Tanaka, Nobumichi
Matsubara, Toshihiko
Anai, Satoshi
Miyake, Makito
Hori, Shunta
Fujii, Tomomi
Ohbayashi, Chiho
Fujimoto, Kiyohide
Effect of Prolonged Duration of Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy of the Prostate and Pre-Procedure Anxiety on Pain in Patients without Anesthesia
title Effect of Prolonged Duration of Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy of the Prostate and Pre-Procedure Anxiety on Pain in Patients without Anesthesia
title_full Effect of Prolonged Duration of Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy of the Prostate and Pre-Procedure Anxiety on Pain in Patients without Anesthesia
title_fullStr Effect of Prolonged Duration of Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy of the Prostate and Pre-Procedure Anxiety on Pain in Patients without Anesthesia
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Prolonged Duration of Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy of the Prostate and Pre-Procedure Anxiety on Pain in Patients without Anesthesia
title_short Effect of Prolonged Duration of Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy of the Prostate and Pre-Procedure Anxiety on Pain in Patients without Anesthesia
title_sort effect of prolonged duration of transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate and pre-procedure anxiety on pain in patients without anesthesia
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7939514/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33692969
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/RRU.S297703
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