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Creation and control of high-dimensional multi-partite classically entangled light

Vector beams, non-separable in spatial mode and polarisation, have emerged as enabling tools in many diverse applications, from communication to imaging. This applicability has been achieved by sophisticated laser designs controlling the spin and orbital angular momentum, but so far is restricted to...

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Autores principales: Shen, Yijie, Nape, Isaac, Yang, Xilin, Fu, Xing, Gong, Mali, Naidoo, Darryl, Forbes, Andrew
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7940607/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33686054
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-021-00493-x
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author Shen, Yijie
Nape, Isaac
Yang, Xilin
Fu, Xing
Gong, Mali
Naidoo, Darryl
Forbes, Andrew
author_facet Shen, Yijie
Nape, Isaac
Yang, Xilin
Fu, Xing
Gong, Mali
Naidoo, Darryl
Forbes, Andrew
author_sort Shen, Yijie
collection PubMed
description Vector beams, non-separable in spatial mode and polarisation, have emerged as enabling tools in many diverse applications, from communication to imaging. This applicability has been achieved by sophisticated laser designs controlling the spin and orbital angular momentum, but so far is restricted to only two-dimensional states. Here we demonstrate the first vectorially structured light created and fully controlled in eight dimensions, a new state-of-the-art. We externally modulate our beam to control, for the first time, the complete set of classical Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states in paraxial structured light beams, in analogy with high-dimensional multi-partite quantum entangled states, and introduce a new tomography method to verify their fidelity. Our complete theoretical framework reveals a rich parameter space for further extending the dimensionality and degrees of freedom, opening new pathways for vectorially structured light in the classical and quantum regimes.
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spelling pubmed-79406072021-03-28 Creation and control of high-dimensional multi-partite classically entangled light Shen, Yijie Nape, Isaac Yang, Xilin Fu, Xing Gong, Mali Naidoo, Darryl Forbes, Andrew Light Sci Appl Article Vector beams, non-separable in spatial mode and polarisation, have emerged as enabling tools in many diverse applications, from communication to imaging. This applicability has been achieved by sophisticated laser designs controlling the spin and orbital angular momentum, but so far is restricted to only two-dimensional states. Here we demonstrate the first vectorially structured light created and fully controlled in eight dimensions, a new state-of-the-art. We externally modulate our beam to control, for the first time, the complete set of classical Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states in paraxial structured light beams, in analogy with high-dimensional multi-partite quantum entangled states, and introduce a new tomography method to verify their fidelity. Our complete theoretical framework reveals a rich parameter space for further extending the dimensionality and degrees of freedom, opening new pathways for vectorially structured light in the classical and quantum regimes. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-03-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7940607/ /pubmed/33686054 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-021-00493-x Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Shen, Yijie
Nape, Isaac
Yang, Xilin
Fu, Xing
Gong, Mali
Naidoo, Darryl
Forbes, Andrew
Creation and control of high-dimensional multi-partite classically entangled light
title Creation and control of high-dimensional multi-partite classically entangled light
title_full Creation and control of high-dimensional multi-partite classically entangled light
title_fullStr Creation and control of high-dimensional multi-partite classically entangled light
title_full_unstemmed Creation and control of high-dimensional multi-partite classically entangled light
title_short Creation and control of high-dimensional multi-partite classically entangled light
title_sort creation and control of high-dimensional multi-partite classically entangled light
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7940607/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33686054
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-021-00493-x
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