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Environmental impact assessment of COVID-19 therapeutic solutions. A prospective analysis

Several medicinal products for human use are currently under consideration as potential treatment for COVID-19 pandemic. As proposals cover also prophylactic use, the treatment could be massive, resulting in unprecedent levels of antiviral emissions to the aquatic environment. We have adapted previo...

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Autores principales: Tarazona, José V., Martínez, Marta, Martínez, María-Aránzazu, Anadón, Arturo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier B.V. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7943388/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33721651
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146257
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author Tarazona, José V.
Martínez, Marta
Martínez, María-Aránzazu
Anadón, Arturo
author_facet Tarazona, José V.
Martínez, Marta
Martínez, María-Aránzazu
Anadón, Arturo
author_sort Tarazona, José V.
collection PubMed
description Several medicinal products for human use are currently under consideration as potential treatment for COVID-19 pandemic. As proposals cover also prophylactic use, the treatment could be massive, resulting in unprecedent levels of antiviral emissions to the aquatic environment. We have adapted previous models and used available information for predicting the environmental impact of representative medicinal products, covering the main groups under consideration: multitarget antiparasitic (chloroquines and ivermectin), glucocorticoids, macrolide antibiotics and antiviral drugs including their pharmacokinetic boosters. The retrieved information has been sufficient for conducting a conventional environmental risk assessment for the group of miscellaneous medicines; results suggest low concern for the chloroquines and dexamethasone while very high impact for ivermectin and azithromycin, even at use levels well below the default value of 1% of the population. The information on the ecotoxicity of the antiviral medicines is very scarce, thus we have explored an innovative pharmacodynamic-based approach, combining read-across, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR), US EPA's Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) in vitro data, pharmacological modes of action, and the observed adverse effects. The results highlight fish sublethal effects as the most sensitive target and identify possible concerns. These results offer guidance for minimizing the environmental risk of treatment medication for COVID-19.
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spelling pubmed-79433882021-03-11 Environmental impact assessment of COVID-19 therapeutic solutions. A prospective analysis Tarazona, José V. Martínez, Marta Martínez, María-Aránzazu Anadón, Arturo Sci Total Environ Article Several medicinal products for human use are currently under consideration as potential treatment for COVID-19 pandemic. As proposals cover also prophylactic use, the treatment could be massive, resulting in unprecedent levels of antiviral emissions to the aquatic environment. We have adapted previous models and used available information for predicting the environmental impact of representative medicinal products, covering the main groups under consideration: multitarget antiparasitic (chloroquines and ivermectin), glucocorticoids, macrolide antibiotics and antiviral drugs including their pharmacokinetic boosters. The retrieved information has been sufficient for conducting a conventional environmental risk assessment for the group of miscellaneous medicines; results suggest low concern for the chloroquines and dexamethasone while very high impact for ivermectin and azithromycin, even at use levels well below the default value of 1% of the population. The information on the ecotoxicity of the antiviral medicines is very scarce, thus we have explored an innovative pharmacodynamic-based approach, combining read-across, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR), US EPA's Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) in vitro data, pharmacological modes of action, and the observed adverse effects. The results highlight fish sublethal effects as the most sensitive target and identify possible concerns. These results offer guidance for minimizing the environmental risk of treatment medication for COVID-19. Elsevier B.V. 2021-07-15 2021-03-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7943388/ /pubmed/33721651 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146257 Text en © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Tarazona, José V.
Martínez, Marta
Martínez, María-Aránzazu
Anadón, Arturo
Environmental impact assessment of COVID-19 therapeutic solutions. A prospective analysis
title Environmental impact assessment of COVID-19 therapeutic solutions. A prospective analysis
title_full Environmental impact assessment of COVID-19 therapeutic solutions. A prospective analysis
title_fullStr Environmental impact assessment of COVID-19 therapeutic solutions. A prospective analysis
title_full_unstemmed Environmental impact assessment of COVID-19 therapeutic solutions. A prospective analysis
title_short Environmental impact assessment of COVID-19 therapeutic solutions. A prospective analysis
title_sort environmental impact assessment of covid-19 therapeutic solutions. a prospective analysis
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7943388/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33721651
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146257
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