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Advances in the development paradigm of biosample‐based biosensors for early ultrasensitive detection of alzheimer’s disease

This review highlights current developments, challenges, and future directions for the use of invasive and noninvasive biosample-based small biosensors for early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with biomarkers to incite a conceptual idea from a broad number of readers in this field. We provide...

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Autores principales: Karki, Hem Prakash, Jang, Yeongseok, Jung, Jinmu, Oh, Jonghyun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7945670/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33750392
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12951-021-00814-7
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author Karki, Hem Prakash
Jang, Yeongseok
Jung, Jinmu
Oh, Jonghyun
author_facet Karki, Hem Prakash
Jang, Yeongseok
Jung, Jinmu
Oh, Jonghyun
author_sort Karki, Hem Prakash
collection PubMed
description This review highlights current developments, challenges, and future directions for the use of invasive and noninvasive biosample-based small biosensors for early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with biomarkers to incite a conceptual idea from a broad number of readers in this field. We provide the most promising concept about biosensors on the basis of detection scale (from femto to micro) using invasive and noninvasive biosamples such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood, urine, sweat, and tear. It also summarizes sensor types and detailed analyzing techniques for ultrasensitive detection of multiple target biomarkers (i.e., amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide, tau protein, Acetylcholine (Ach), microRNA137, etc.) of AD in terms of detection ranges and limit of detections (LODs). As the most significant disadvantage of CSF and blood-based detection of AD is associated with the invasiveness of sample collection which limits future strategy with home-based early screening of AD, we extensively reviewed the future trend of new noninvasive detection techniques (such as optical screening and bio-imaging process). To overcome the limitation of non-invasive biosamples with low concentrations of AD biomarkers, current efforts to enhance the sensitivity of biosensors and discover new types of biomarkers using non-invasive body fluids are presented. We also introduced future trends facing an infection point in early diagnosis of AD with simultaneous emergence of addressable innovative technologies. [Image: see text]
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spelling pubmed-79456702021-03-11 Advances in the development paradigm of biosample‐based biosensors for early ultrasensitive detection of alzheimer’s disease Karki, Hem Prakash Jang, Yeongseok Jung, Jinmu Oh, Jonghyun J Nanobiotechnology Review This review highlights current developments, challenges, and future directions for the use of invasive and noninvasive biosample-based small biosensors for early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with biomarkers to incite a conceptual idea from a broad number of readers in this field. We provide the most promising concept about biosensors on the basis of detection scale (from femto to micro) using invasive and noninvasive biosamples such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood, urine, sweat, and tear. It also summarizes sensor types and detailed analyzing techniques for ultrasensitive detection of multiple target biomarkers (i.e., amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide, tau protein, Acetylcholine (Ach), microRNA137, etc.) of AD in terms of detection ranges and limit of detections (LODs). As the most significant disadvantage of CSF and blood-based detection of AD is associated with the invasiveness of sample collection which limits future strategy with home-based early screening of AD, we extensively reviewed the future trend of new noninvasive detection techniques (such as optical screening and bio-imaging process). To overcome the limitation of non-invasive biosamples with low concentrations of AD biomarkers, current efforts to enhance the sensitivity of biosensors and discover new types of biomarkers using non-invasive body fluids are presented. We also introduced future trends facing an infection point in early diagnosis of AD with simultaneous emergence of addressable innovative technologies. [Image: see text] BioMed Central 2021-03-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7945670/ /pubmed/33750392 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12951-021-00814-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Review
Karki, Hem Prakash
Jang, Yeongseok
Jung, Jinmu
Oh, Jonghyun
Advances in the development paradigm of biosample‐based biosensors for early ultrasensitive detection of alzheimer’s disease
title Advances in the development paradigm of biosample‐based biosensors for early ultrasensitive detection of alzheimer’s disease
title_full Advances in the development paradigm of biosample‐based biosensors for early ultrasensitive detection of alzheimer’s disease
title_fullStr Advances in the development paradigm of biosample‐based biosensors for early ultrasensitive detection of alzheimer’s disease
title_full_unstemmed Advances in the development paradigm of biosample‐based biosensors for early ultrasensitive detection of alzheimer’s disease
title_short Advances in the development paradigm of biosample‐based biosensors for early ultrasensitive detection of alzheimer’s disease
title_sort advances in the development paradigm of biosample‐based biosensors for early ultrasensitive detection of alzheimer’s disease
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7945670/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33750392
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12951-021-00814-7
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