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A Novel User Utility Score for Diabetes Management Using Tailored Mobile Coaching: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

BACKGROUND: Mobile health applications have been developed to support diabetes self-management, but their effectiveness could depend on patient engagement. Therefore, patient engagement must be examined through multifactorial tailored behavioral interventions from an individual perspective. OBJECTIV...

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Autores principales: Lee, Min-Kyung, Lee, Da Young, Ahn, Hong-Yup, Park, Cheol-Young
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: JMIR Publications 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7946585/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33625363
http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17573
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author Lee, Min-Kyung
Lee, Da Young
Ahn, Hong-Yup
Park, Cheol-Young
author_facet Lee, Min-Kyung
Lee, Da Young
Ahn, Hong-Yup
Park, Cheol-Young
author_sort Lee, Min-Kyung
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Mobile health applications have been developed to support diabetes self-management, but their effectiveness could depend on patient engagement. Therefore, patient engagement must be examined through multifactorial tailored behavioral interventions from an individual perspective. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the usefulness of a novel user utility score (UUS) as a tool to measure patient engagement by using a mobile health application for diabetes management. METHODS: We conducted a subanalysis of results from a 12-month randomized controlled trial of a tailored mobile coaching (TMC) system among insurance policyholders with type 2 diabetes. UUS was calculated as the sum of the scores for 4 major core components (range 0-8): frequency of self-monitoring blood glucose testing, dietary and exercise records, and message reading rate. We explored the association between UUS for the first 3 months and glycemic control over 12 months. In addition, we investigated the relationship of UUS with blood pressure, lipid profile, and self-report scales assessing diabetes self-management. RESULTS: We divided 72 participants into 2 groups based on UUS for the first 3 months: UUS:0-4 (n=38) and UUS:5-8 (n=34). There was a significant between-group difference in glycated hemoglobin test (HbA(1c)) levels for the 12-months study period (P=.011). The HbA(1c) decrement at 12 months in the UUS:5-8 group was greater than that of the UUS:0-4 group [–0.92 (SD 1.24%) vs –0.33 (SD 0.80%); P=.049]. After adjusting for confounding factors, UUS was significantly associated with changes in HbA(1c) at 3, 6, and 12 months; the regression coefficients were –0.113 (SD 0.040; P=.006), –0.143 (SD 0.045; P=.002), and –0.136 (SD 0.052; P=.011), respectively. Change differences in other health outcomes between the 2 groups were not observed throughout a 12-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: UUS as a measure of patient engagement was associated with changes in HbA(1c) over the study period of the TMC system and could be used to predict improved glycemic control in diabetes self-management through mobile health interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrial.gov NCT03033407; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03033407
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spelling pubmed-79465852021-03-12 A Novel User Utility Score for Diabetes Management Using Tailored Mobile Coaching: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial Lee, Min-Kyung Lee, Da Young Ahn, Hong-Yup Park, Cheol-Young JMIR Mhealth Uhealth Original Paper BACKGROUND: Mobile health applications have been developed to support diabetes self-management, but their effectiveness could depend on patient engagement. Therefore, patient engagement must be examined through multifactorial tailored behavioral interventions from an individual perspective. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the usefulness of a novel user utility score (UUS) as a tool to measure patient engagement by using a mobile health application for diabetes management. METHODS: We conducted a subanalysis of results from a 12-month randomized controlled trial of a tailored mobile coaching (TMC) system among insurance policyholders with type 2 diabetes. UUS was calculated as the sum of the scores for 4 major core components (range 0-8): frequency of self-monitoring blood glucose testing, dietary and exercise records, and message reading rate. We explored the association between UUS for the first 3 months and glycemic control over 12 months. In addition, we investigated the relationship of UUS with blood pressure, lipid profile, and self-report scales assessing diabetes self-management. RESULTS: We divided 72 participants into 2 groups based on UUS for the first 3 months: UUS:0-4 (n=38) and UUS:5-8 (n=34). There was a significant between-group difference in glycated hemoglobin test (HbA(1c)) levels for the 12-months study period (P=.011). The HbA(1c) decrement at 12 months in the UUS:5-8 group was greater than that of the UUS:0-4 group [–0.92 (SD 1.24%) vs –0.33 (SD 0.80%); P=.049]. After adjusting for confounding factors, UUS was significantly associated with changes in HbA(1c) at 3, 6, and 12 months; the regression coefficients were –0.113 (SD 0.040; P=.006), –0.143 (SD 0.045; P=.002), and –0.136 (SD 0.052; P=.011), respectively. Change differences in other health outcomes between the 2 groups were not observed throughout a 12-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: UUS as a measure of patient engagement was associated with changes in HbA(1c) over the study period of the TMC system and could be used to predict improved glycemic control in diabetes self-management through mobile health interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrial.gov NCT03033407; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03033407 JMIR Publications 2021-02-24 /pmc/articles/PMC7946585/ /pubmed/33625363 http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17573 Text en ©Min-Kyung Lee, Da Young Lee, Hong-Yup Ahn, Cheol-Young Park. Originally published in JMIR mHealth and uHealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 24.02.2021. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR mHealth and uHealth, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://mhealth.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR mHealth and uHealth, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://mhealth.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.
spellingShingle Original Paper
Lee, Min-Kyung
Lee, Da Young
Ahn, Hong-Yup
Park, Cheol-Young
A Novel User Utility Score for Diabetes Management Using Tailored Mobile Coaching: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title A Novel User Utility Score for Diabetes Management Using Tailored Mobile Coaching: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_full A Novel User Utility Score for Diabetes Management Using Tailored Mobile Coaching: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_fullStr A Novel User Utility Score for Diabetes Management Using Tailored Mobile Coaching: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_full_unstemmed A Novel User Utility Score for Diabetes Management Using Tailored Mobile Coaching: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_short A Novel User Utility Score for Diabetes Management Using Tailored Mobile Coaching: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_sort novel user utility score for diabetes management using tailored mobile coaching: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
topic Original Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7946585/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33625363
http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17573
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