Preliminary study on the influencing factors of shear wave elastography for peripheral nerves in healthy population

This study took shear wave elastography (SWE) technology to measure the shear wave velocity (SWV) of peripheral nerve in healthy population, which represents the stiffness of the peripheral nerves, and research whether these parameters (location, age, sex, body mass index (BMI), the thickness and cross-sectional area(CSA) of the nerve) would affect the stiffness of the peripheral nerves. 105 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. We recorded the genders and ages of these volunteers, measured height and weight, calculated BMI, measured nerve thickness and CSA using high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS), and then, we measured and compared the SWV of the right median nerve at the middle of the forearm and at the proximal entrance of the carpal tunnel. The SWV of the median nerve of the left side was measured to explore whether there exist differences of SWV in bilateral median nerve. Additionally, we also measured the SWV of the right tibial nerve at the ankle canal to test whether there is any difference in shear wave velocity between different peripheral nerves. This study found that there existed significant differences of SWV between different sites in one nerve and between different peripheral nerves. No significant difference was found in SWV between bilateral median nerves. Additionally, the SWV of peripheral nerves was associated with gender, while not associated with age or BMI. The mean SWV of the studied male volunteers in median nerve were significantly higher than those of female (p < 0.05). Peripheral nerve SWE measurement in healthy people is affected by different sites, different nerves and genders, and not associated with age, BMI, nerve thickness or CSA.