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Influenza B Virus Infection Is Enhanced Upon Heterotypic Co-infection With Influenza A Virus
Homotypic co-infections with influenza viruses are described to increase genetic population diversity, to drive viral evolution and to allow genetic complementation. Less is known about heterotypic co-infections between influenza A (IAV) and influenza B (IBV) viruses. Previous publications showed th...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7947630/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33717023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.631346 |
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author | Malausse, Nicolas van der Werf, Sylvie Naffakh, Nadia Munier, Sandie |
author_facet | Malausse, Nicolas van der Werf, Sylvie Naffakh, Nadia Munier, Sandie |
author_sort | Malausse, Nicolas |
collection | PubMed |
description | Homotypic co-infections with influenza viruses are described to increase genetic population diversity, to drive viral evolution and to allow genetic complementation. Less is known about heterotypic co-infections between influenza A (IAV) and influenza B (IBV) viruses. Previous publications showed that IAV replication was suppressed upon co-infection with IBV. However, the effect of heterotypic co-infections on IBV replication was not investigated. To do so, we produced by reverse genetics a pair of replication-competent recombinant IAV (A/WSN/33) and IBV (B/Brisbane/60/2008) expressing a GFP and mCherry fluorescent reporter, respectively. A549 cells were infected simultaneously or 1 h apart at a high MOI with IAV-GFP or IBV-mCherry and the fluorescence was measured at 6 h post-infection by flow cytometry. Unexpectedly, we observed that IBV-mCherry infection was enhanced upon co-infection with IAV-GFP, and more strongly so when IAV was added 1 h prior to IBV. The same effect was observed with wild-type viruses and with various strains of IAV. Using UV-inactivated IAV or type-specific antiviral compounds, we showed that the enhancing effect of IAV infection on IBV infection was dependent on transcription/replication of the IAV genome. Our results, taken with available data in the literature, support the hypothesis that the presence of IAV proteins can enhance IBV genome expression and/or complement IBV defective particles. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7947630 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79476302021-03-12 Influenza B Virus Infection Is Enhanced Upon Heterotypic Co-infection With Influenza A Virus Malausse, Nicolas van der Werf, Sylvie Naffakh, Nadia Munier, Sandie Front Microbiol Microbiology Homotypic co-infections with influenza viruses are described to increase genetic population diversity, to drive viral evolution and to allow genetic complementation. Less is known about heterotypic co-infections between influenza A (IAV) and influenza B (IBV) viruses. Previous publications showed that IAV replication was suppressed upon co-infection with IBV. However, the effect of heterotypic co-infections on IBV replication was not investigated. To do so, we produced by reverse genetics a pair of replication-competent recombinant IAV (A/WSN/33) and IBV (B/Brisbane/60/2008) expressing a GFP and mCherry fluorescent reporter, respectively. A549 cells were infected simultaneously or 1 h apart at a high MOI with IAV-GFP or IBV-mCherry and the fluorescence was measured at 6 h post-infection by flow cytometry. Unexpectedly, we observed that IBV-mCherry infection was enhanced upon co-infection with IAV-GFP, and more strongly so when IAV was added 1 h prior to IBV. The same effect was observed with wild-type viruses and with various strains of IAV. Using UV-inactivated IAV or type-specific antiviral compounds, we showed that the enhancing effect of IAV infection on IBV infection was dependent on transcription/replication of the IAV genome. Our results, taken with available data in the literature, support the hypothesis that the presence of IAV proteins can enhance IBV genome expression and/or complement IBV defective particles. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-02-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7947630/ /pubmed/33717023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.631346 Text en Copyright © 2021 Malausse, van der Werf, Naffakh and Munier. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Malausse, Nicolas van der Werf, Sylvie Naffakh, Nadia Munier, Sandie Influenza B Virus Infection Is Enhanced Upon Heterotypic Co-infection With Influenza A Virus |
title | Influenza B Virus Infection Is Enhanced Upon Heterotypic Co-infection With Influenza A Virus |
title_full | Influenza B Virus Infection Is Enhanced Upon Heterotypic Co-infection With Influenza A Virus |
title_fullStr | Influenza B Virus Infection Is Enhanced Upon Heterotypic Co-infection With Influenza A Virus |
title_full_unstemmed | Influenza B Virus Infection Is Enhanced Upon Heterotypic Co-infection With Influenza A Virus |
title_short | Influenza B Virus Infection Is Enhanced Upon Heterotypic Co-infection With Influenza A Virus |
title_sort | influenza b virus infection is enhanced upon heterotypic co-infection with influenza a virus |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7947630/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33717023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.631346 |
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