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Modulatory Effects of Prediction Accuracy on Electroencephalographic Brain Activity During Prediction

Prediction is essential for the efficiency of many cognitive processes; however, this process is not always perfect. Predictive coding theory suggests that the brain generates and updates a prediction to respond to an upcoming event. Although an electrophysiological index of prediction, the stimulus...

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Autores principales: Ono, Kentaro, Hashimoto, Junya, Hiramoto, Ryosuke, Sasaoka, Takafumi, Yamawaki, Shigeto
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7947806/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33716697
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.630288
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author Ono, Kentaro
Hashimoto, Junya
Hiramoto, Ryosuke
Sasaoka, Takafumi
Yamawaki, Shigeto
author_facet Ono, Kentaro
Hashimoto, Junya
Hiramoto, Ryosuke
Sasaoka, Takafumi
Yamawaki, Shigeto
author_sort Ono, Kentaro
collection PubMed
description Prediction is essential for the efficiency of many cognitive processes; however, this process is not always perfect. Predictive coding theory suggests that the brain generates and updates a prediction to respond to an upcoming event. Although an electrophysiological index of prediction, the stimulus preceding negativity (SPN), has been reported, it remains unknown whether the SPN reflects the prediction accuracy, or whether it is associated with the prediction error, which corresponds to a mismatch between a prediction and an actual input. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate this question using electroencephalography (EEG). Participants were asked to predict the original pictures from pictures that had undergone different levels of pixelation. The SPN amplitude was affected by the level of pixelation and correlated with the subjective evaluation of the prediction accuracy. Furthermore, late positive components (LPC) were negatively correlated with SPN. These results suggest that the amplitude of SPN reflects the prediction accuracy; more accurate prediction increases the SPN and reduces the prediction error, resulting in reduced LPC amplitudes.
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spelling pubmed-79478062021-03-12 Modulatory Effects of Prediction Accuracy on Electroencephalographic Brain Activity During Prediction Ono, Kentaro Hashimoto, Junya Hiramoto, Ryosuke Sasaoka, Takafumi Yamawaki, Shigeto Front Hum Neurosci Human Neuroscience Prediction is essential for the efficiency of many cognitive processes; however, this process is not always perfect. Predictive coding theory suggests that the brain generates and updates a prediction to respond to an upcoming event. Although an electrophysiological index of prediction, the stimulus preceding negativity (SPN), has been reported, it remains unknown whether the SPN reflects the prediction accuracy, or whether it is associated with the prediction error, which corresponds to a mismatch between a prediction and an actual input. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate this question using electroencephalography (EEG). Participants were asked to predict the original pictures from pictures that had undergone different levels of pixelation. The SPN amplitude was affected by the level of pixelation and correlated with the subjective evaluation of the prediction accuracy. Furthermore, late positive components (LPC) were negatively correlated with SPN. These results suggest that the amplitude of SPN reflects the prediction accuracy; more accurate prediction increases the SPN and reduces the prediction error, resulting in reduced LPC amplitudes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-02-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7947806/ /pubmed/33716697 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.630288 Text en Copyright © 2021 Ono, Hashimoto, Hiramoto, Sasaoka and Yamawaki. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Human Neuroscience
Ono, Kentaro
Hashimoto, Junya
Hiramoto, Ryosuke
Sasaoka, Takafumi
Yamawaki, Shigeto
Modulatory Effects of Prediction Accuracy on Electroencephalographic Brain Activity During Prediction
title Modulatory Effects of Prediction Accuracy on Electroencephalographic Brain Activity During Prediction
title_full Modulatory Effects of Prediction Accuracy on Electroencephalographic Brain Activity During Prediction
title_fullStr Modulatory Effects of Prediction Accuracy on Electroencephalographic Brain Activity During Prediction
title_full_unstemmed Modulatory Effects of Prediction Accuracy on Electroencephalographic Brain Activity During Prediction
title_short Modulatory Effects of Prediction Accuracy on Electroencephalographic Brain Activity During Prediction
title_sort modulatory effects of prediction accuracy on electroencephalographic brain activity during prediction
topic Human Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7947806/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33716697
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.630288
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