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Mitogenomes Reveal Alternative Initiation Codons and Lineage-Specific Gene Order Conservation in Echinoderms
The mitochondrial genetic code is much more varied than the standard genetic code. The invertebrate mitochondrial code, for instance, comprises six initiation codons, including five alternative start codons. However, only two initiation codons are known in the echinoderm and flatworm mitochondrial c...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7947835/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33027524 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa262 |
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author | Quek, Zheng Bin Randolph Chang, Jia Jin Marc Ip, Yin Cheong Aden Chan, Yong Kit Samuel Huang, Danwei |
author_facet | Quek, Zheng Bin Randolph Chang, Jia Jin Marc Ip, Yin Cheong Aden Chan, Yong Kit Samuel Huang, Danwei |
author_sort | Quek, Zheng Bin Randolph |
collection | PubMed |
description | The mitochondrial genetic code is much more varied than the standard genetic code. The invertebrate mitochondrial code, for instance, comprises six initiation codons, including five alternative start codons. However, only two initiation codons are known in the echinoderm and flatworm mitochondrial code, the canonical ATG and alternative GTG. Here, we analyzed 23 Asteroidea mitogenomes, including ten newly sequenced species and unambiguously identified at least two other start codons, ATT and ATC, both of which also initiate translation of mitochondrial genes in other invertebrates. These findings underscore the diversity of the genetic code and expand upon the suite of initiation codons among echinoderms to avoid erroneous annotations. Our analyses have also uncovered the remarkable conservation of gene order among asteroids, echinoids, and holothuroids, with only an interchange between two gene positions in asteroids over ∼500 Ma of echinoderm evolution. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7947835 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79478352021-03-16 Mitogenomes Reveal Alternative Initiation Codons and Lineage-Specific Gene Order Conservation in Echinoderms Quek, Zheng Bin Randolph Chang, Jia Jin Marc Ip, Yin Cheong Aden Chan, Yong Kit Samuel Huang, Danwei Mol Biol Evol Discoveries The mitochondrial genetic code is much more varied than the standard genetic code. The invertebrate mitochondrial code, for instance, comprises six initiation codons, including five alternative start codons. However, only two initiation codons are known in the echinoderm and flatworm mitochondrial code, the canonical ATG and alternative GTG. Here, we analyzed 23 Asteroidea mitogenomes, including ten newly sequenced species and unambiguously identified at least two other start codons, ATT and ATC, both of which also initiate translation of mitochondrial genes in other invertebrates. These findings underscore the diversity of the genetic code and expand upon the suite of initiation codons among echinoderms to avoid erroneous annotations. Our analyses have also uncovered the remarkable conservation of gene order among asteroids, echinoids, and holothuroids, with only an interchange between two gene positions in asteroids over ∼500 Ma of echinoderm evolution. Oxford University Press 2020-10-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7947835/ /pubmed/33027524 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa262 Text en © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Discoveries Quek, Zheng Bin Randolph Chang, Jia Jin Marc Ip, Yin Cheong Aden Chan, Yong Kit Samuel Huang, Danwei Mitogenomes Reveal Alternative Initiation Codons and Lineage-Specific Gene Order Conservation in Echinoderms |
title | Mitogenomes Reveal Alternative Initiation Codons and Lineage-Specific Gene Order Conservation in Echinoderms |
title_full | Mitogenomes Reveal Alternative Initiation Codons and Lineage-Specific Gene Order Conservation in Echinoderms |
title_fullStr | Mitogenomes Reveal Alternative Initiation Codons and Lineage-Specific Gene Order Conservation in Echinoderms |
title_full_unstemmed | Mitogenomes Reveal Alternative Initiation Codons and Lineage-Specific Gene Order Conservation in Echinoderms |
title_short | Mitogenomes Reveal Alternative Initiation Codons and Lineage-Specific Gene Order Conservation in Echinoderms |
title_sort | mitogenomes reveal alternative initiation codons and lineage-specific gene order conservation in echinoderms |
topic | Discoveries |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7947835/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33027524 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa262 |
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