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Flavonols modulate lateral root emergence by scavenging reactive oxygen species in Arabidopsis thaliana

Flavonoids are a class of specialized metabolites with subclasses including flavonols and anthocyanins, which have unique properties as antioxidants. Flavonoids modulate plant development, but whether and how they impact lateral root development is unclear. We examined potential roles for flavonols...

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Autores principales: Chapman, Jordan M., Muday, Gloria K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7948594/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33839683
http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.RA120.014543
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author Chapman, Jordan M.
Muday, Gloria K.
author_facet Chapman, Jordan M.
Muday, Gloria K.
author_sort Chapman, Jordan M.
collection PubMed
description Flavonoids are a class of specialized metabolites with subclasses including flavonols and anthocyanins, which have unique properties as antioxidants. Flavonoids modulate plant development, but whether and how they impact lateral root development is unclear. We examined potential roles for flavonols in this process using Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with defects in genes encoding key enzymes in flavonoid biosynthesis. We observed the tt4 and fls1 mutants, which produce no flavonols, have increased lateral root emergence. The tt4 root phenotype was reversed by genetic and chemical complementation. To more specifically define the flavonoids involved, we tested an array of flavonoid biosynthetic mutants, eliminating roles for anthocyanins and the flavonols quercetin and isorhamnetin in modulating lateral root development. Instead, two tt7 mutant alleles, with defects in a branchpoint enzyme blocking quercetin biosynthesis, formed reduced numbers of lateral roots and tt7-2 had elevated levels of kaempferol. Using a flavonol-specific dye, we observed that in the tt7-2 mutant, kaempferol accumulated within lateral root primordia at higher levels than wild-type. These data are consistent with kaempferol, or downstream derivatives, acting as a negative regulator of lateral root emergence. We examined ROS accumulation using ROS-responsive probes and found reduced fluorescence of a superoxide-selective probe within the primordia of tt7-2 compared with wild-type, but not in the tt4 mutant, consistent with opposite effects of these mutants on lateral root emergence. These results support a model in which increased level of kaempferol in the lateral root primordia of tt7-2 reduces superoxide concentration and ROS-stimulated lateral root emergence.
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spelling pubmed-79485942021-03-19 Flavonols modulate lateral root emergence by scavenging reactive oxygen species in Arabidopsis thaliana Chapman, Jordan M. Muday, Gloria K. J Biol Chem Research Article Flavonoids are a class of specialized metabolites with subclasses including flavonols and anthocyanins, which have unique properties as antioxidants. Flavonoids modulate plant development, but whether and how they impact lateral root development is unclear. We examined potential roles for flavonols in this process using Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with defects in genes encoding key enzymes in flavonoid biosynthesis. We observed the tt4 and fls1 mutants, which produce no flavonols, have increased lateral root emergence. The tt4 root phenotype was reversed by genetic and chemical complementation. To more specifically define the flavonoids involved, we tested an array of flavonoid biosynthetic mutants, eliminating roles for anthocyanins and the flavonols quercetin and isorhamnetin in modulating lateral root development. Instead, two tt7 mutant alleles, with defects in a branchpoint enzyme blocking quercetin biosynthesis, formed reduced numbers of lateral roots and tt7-2 had elevated levels of kaempferol. Using a flavonol-specific dye, we observed that in the tt7-2 mutant, kaempferol accumulated within lateral root primordia at higher levels than wild-type. These data are consistent with kaempferol, or downstream derivatives, acting as a negative regulator of lateral root emergence. We examined ROS accumulation using ROS-responsive probes and found reduced fluorescence of a superoxide-selective probe within the primordia of tt7-2 compared with wild-type, but not in the tt4 mutant, consistent with opposite effects of these mutants on lateral root emergence. These results support a model in which increased level of kaempferol in the lateral root primordia of tt7-2 reduces superoxide concentration and ROS-stimulated lateral root emergence. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2020-12-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7948594/ /pubmed/33839683 http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.RA120.014543 Text en © 2020 THE AUTHORS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Research Article
Chapman, Jordan M.
Muday, Gloria K.
Flavonols modulate lateral root emergence by scavenging reactive oxygen species in Arabidopsis thaliana
title Flavonols modulate lateral root emergence by scavenging reactive oxygen species in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_full Flavonols modulate lateral root emergence by scavenging reactive oxygen species in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_fullStr Flavonols modulate lateral root emergence by scavenging reactive oxygen species in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_full_unstemmed Flavonols modulate lateral root emergence by scavenging reactive oxygen species in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_short Flavonols modulate lateral root emergence by scavenging reactive oxygen species in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_sort flavonols modulate lateral root emergence by scavenging reactive oxygen species in arabidopsis thaliana
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7948594/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33839683
http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.RA120.014543
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