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Spectrum of Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease

Parkinson's disease is predominantly classified as a movement disorder. Beyond the textbook definition of rigidity, tremors, and bradykinesia, Parkinson's disease encompasses an entire entity of non-motor symptom complexes that can precede the motor features by many years. Despite their si...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kumaresan, Maithrayie, Khan, Safeera
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7949722/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33728210
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.13275
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author Kumaresan, Maithrayie
Khan, Safeera
author_facet Kumaresan, Maithrayie
Khan, Safeera
author_sort Kumaresan, Maithrayie
collection PubMed
description Parkinson's disease is predominantly classified as a movement disorder. Beyond the textbook definition of rigidity, tremors, and bradykinesia, Parkinson's disease encompasses an entire entity of non-motor symptom complexes that can precede the motor features by many years. Despite their significant clinical importance, the awareness of non-motor symptoms is quite negligible. Sleep disorders, gastrointestinal dysfunction, olfactory disturbances, anxiety, and depressive episodes are some of the most common non-motor presentations. The wide-spread occurrence of olfactory symptoms and the low cost of the assessment, is favoring olfactory dysfunction as a potential biomarker in Parkinson's. Sleep disorders may manifest before the motor and autonomic symptoms and might be linked to concomitant sleeping disorders like insomnia, REM sleep disorders, restless leg syndrome, narcolepsy, or obstructive sleep apnea. Non-motor symptoms can deteriorate the quality of life in Parkinson’s patients. Early detection of non-motor symptoms can help in the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease and can fairly improve the survival and prognosis of these patients.
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spelling pubmed-79497222021-03-15 Spectrum of Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease Kumaresan, Maithrayie Khan, Safeera Cureus Internal Medicine Parkinson's disease is predominantly classified as a movement disorder. Beyond the textbook definition of rigidity, tremors, and bradykinesia, Parkinson's disease encompasses an entire entity of non-motor symptom complexes that can precede the motor features by many years. Despite their significant clinical importance, the awareness of non-motor symptoms is quite negligible. Sleep disorders, gastrointestinal dysfunction, olfactory disturbances, anxiety, and depressive episodes are some of the most common non-motor presentations. The wide-spread occurrence of olfactory symptoms and the low cost of the assessment, is favoring olfactory dysfunction as a potential biomarker in Parkinson's. Sleep disorders may manifest before the motor and autonomic symptoms and might be linked to concomitant sleeping disorders like insomnia, REM sleep disorders, restless leg syndrome, narcolepsy, or obstructive sleep apnea. Non-motor symptoms can deteriorate the quality of life in Parkinson’s patients. Early detection of non-motor symptoms can help in the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease and can fairly improve the survival and prognosis of these patients. Cureus 2021-02-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7949722/ /pubmed/33728210 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.13275 Text en Copyright © 2021, Kumaresan et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Internal Medicine
Kumaresan, Maithrayie
Khan, Safeera
Spectrum of Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease
title Spectrum of Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease
title_full Spectrum of Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease
title_fullStr Spectrum of Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease
title_full_unstemmed Spectrum of Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease
title_short Spectrum of Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease
title_sort spectrum of non-motor symptoms in parkinson's disease
topic Internal Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7949722/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33728210
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.13275
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