AMPK Metabolism in the B Lineage Modulates Humoral Responses

A large and growing body of evidence supports functions of enzymes that regulate or effect cellular metabolism in governing the development, survival, and effector functions of immune cells—especially T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Among these proteins, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a conserved ATP and nutrient sensor that regulates multiple metabolic pathways to promote energy homeostasis. Although AMPK had been shown to regulate aspects of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell biology, its function in B lymphocytes has been less clear. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the role of AMPK in the metabolism, function, and maintenance of the B lineage.