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miR-21: a non‐specific biomarker of all maladies

miRNA-21 is among the most abundant and highly conserved microRNAs (miRNAs) recognized. It is expressed in essentially all cells where it performs vital regulatory roles in health and disease. It is also frequently claimed to be a biomarker of diseases such as cancer and heart disease in bodily-flui...

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Autores principales: Jenike, Ana E., Halushka, Marc K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7953557/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33712063
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40364-021-00272-1
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author Jenike, Ana E.
Halushka, Marc K.
author_facet Jenike, Ana E.
Halushka, Marc K.
author_sort Jenike, Ana E.
collection PubMed
description miRNA-21 is among the most abundant and highly conserved microRNAs (miRNAs) recognized. It is expressed in essentially all cells where it performs vital regulatory roles in health and disease. It is also frequently claimed to be a biomarker of diseases such as cancer and heart disease in bodily-fluid based miRNA studies. Here we dissociate its contributions to cellular physiology and pathology from its potential as a biomarker. We show how it has been claimed as a specific predictive or prognostic biomarker by at least 29 diseases. Thus, it has no specificity to any one disease. As a result, it should not be considered a viable candidate to be a biomarker, despite its continued evaluation as such. This theme of multiple assignments of a miRNA as a biomarker is shared with other common, ubiquitous miRNAs and should be concerning for them as well.
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spelling pubmed-79535572021-03-12 miR-21: a non‐specific biomarker of all maladies Jenike, Ana E. Halushka, Marc K. Biomark Res Review miRNA-21 is among the most abundant and highly conserved microRNAs (miRNAs) recognized. It is expressed in essentially all cells where it performs vital regulatory roles in health and disease. It is also frequently claimed to be a biomarker of diseases such as cancer and heart disease in bodily-fluid based miRNA studies. Here we dissociate its contributions to cellular physiology and pathology from its potential as a biomarker. We show how it has been claimed as a specific predictive or prognostic biomarker by at least 29 diseases. Thus, it has no specificity to any one disease. As a result, it should not be considered a viable candidate to be a biomarker, despite its continued evaluation as such. This theme of multiple assignments of a miRNA as a biomarker is shared with other common, ubiquitous miRNAs and should be concerning for them as well. BioMed Central 2021-03-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7953557/ /pubmed/33712063 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40364-021-00272-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Review
Jenike, Ana E.
Halushka, Marc K.
miR-21: a non‐specific biomarker of all maladies
title miR-21: a non‐specific biomarker of all maladies
title_full miR-21: a non‐specific biomarker of all maladies
title_fullStr miR-21: a non‐specific biomarker of all maladies
title_full_unstemmed miR-21: a non‐specific biomarker of all maladies
title_short miR-21: a non‐specific biomarker of all maladies
title_sort mir-21: a non‐specific biomarker of all maladies
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7953557/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33712063
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40364-021-00272-1
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