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Design and Optimization of ECG Modeling for Generating Different Cardiac Dysrhythmias
The electrocardiogram (ECG) has significant clinical importance for analyzing most cardiovascular diseases. ECGs beat morphologies, beat durations, and amplitudes vary from subject to subject and diseases to diseases. Therefore, ECG morphology-based modeling has long-standing research interests. Thi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7956726/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33652721 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21051638 |
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author | Awal, Md. Abdul Mostafa, Sheikh Shanawaz Ahmad, Mohiuddin Alahe, Mohammad Ashik Rashid, Mohd Abdur Kouzani, Abbas Z. Mahmud, M. A. Parvez |
author_facet | Awal, Md. Abdul Mostafa, Sheikh Shanawaz Ahmad, Mohiuddin Alahe, Mohammad Ashik Rashid, Mohd Abdur Kouzani, Abbas Z. Mahmud, M. A. Parvez |
author_sort | Awal, Md. Abdul |
collection | PubMed |
description | The electrocardiogram (ECG) has significant clinical importance for analyzing most cardiovascular diseases. ECGs beat morphologies, beat durations, and amplitudes vary from subject to subject and diseases to diseases. Therefore, ECG morphology-based modeling has long-standing research interests. This work aims to develop a simplified ECG model based on a minimum number of parameters that could correctly represent ECG morphology in different cardiac dysrhythmias. A simple mathematical model based on the sum of two Gaussian functions is proposed. However, fitting more than one Gaussian function in a deterministic way has accuracy and localization problems. To solve these fitting problems, two hybrid optimization methods have been developed to select the optimal ECG model parameters. The first method is the combination of an approximation and global search technique (ApproxiGlo), and the second method is the combination of an approximation and multi-start search technique (ApproxiMul). The proposed model and optimization methods have been applied to real ECGs in different cardiac dysrhythmias, and the effectiveness of the model performance was measured in time, frequency, and the time-frequency domain. The model fit different types of ECG beats representing different cardiac dysrhythmias with high correlation coefficients (>0.98). Compared to the nonlinear fitting method, ApproxiGlo and ApproxiMul are 3.32 and 7.88 times better in terms of root mean square error (RMSE), respectively. Regarding optimization, the ApproxiMul performs better than the ApproxiGlo method in many metrics. Different uses of this model are possible, such as a syntactic ECG generator using a graphical user interface has been developed and tested. In addition, the model can be used as a lossy compression with a variable compression rate. A compression ratio of 20:1 can be achieved with 1 kHz sampling frequency and 75 beats per minute. These optimization methods can be used in different engineering fields where the sum of Gaussians is used. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7956726 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79567262021-03-16 Design and Optimization of ECG Modeling for Generating Different Cardiac Dysrhythmias Awal, Md. Abdul Mostafa, Sheikh Shanawaz Ahmad, Mohiuddin Alahe, Mohammad Ashik Rashid, Mohd Abdur Kouzani, Abbas Z. Mahmud, M. A. Parvez Sensors (Basel) Article The electrocardiogram (ECG) has significant clinical importance for analyzing most cardiovascular diseases. ECGs beat morphologies, beat durations, and amplitudes vary from subject to subject and diseases to diseases. Therefore, ECG morphology-based modeling has long-standing research interests. This work aims to develop a simplified ECG model based on a minimum number of parameters that could correctly represent ECG morphology in different cardiac dysrhythmias. A simple mathematical model based on the sum of two Gaussian functions is proposed. However, fitting more than one Gaussian function in a deterministic way has accuracy and localization problems. To solve these fitting problems, two hybrid optimization methods have been developed to select the optimal ECG model parameters. The first method is the combination of an approximation and global search technique (ApproxiGlo), and the second method is the combination of an approximation and multi-start search technique (ApproxiMul). The proposed model and optimization methods have been applied to real ECGs in different cardiac dysrhythmias, and the effectiveness of the model performance was measured in time, frequency, and the time-frequency domain. The model fit different types of ECG beats representing different cardiac dysrhythmias with high correlation coefficients (>0.98). Compared to the nonlinear fitting method, ApproxiGlo and ApproxiMul are 3.32 and 7.88 times better in terms of root mean square error (RMSE), respectively. Regarding optimization, the ApproxiMul performs better than the ApproxiGlo method in many metrics. Different uses of this model are possible, such as a syntactic ECG generator using a graphical user interface has been developed and tested. In addition, the model can be used as a lossy compression with a variable compression rate. A compression ratio of 20:1 can be achieved with 1 kHz sampling frequency and 75 beats per minute. These optimization methods can be used in different engineering fields where the sum of Gaussians is used. MDPI 2021-02-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7956726/ /pubmed/33652721 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21051638 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Awal, Md. Abdul Mostafa, Sheikh Shanawaz Ahmad, Mohiuddin Alahe, Mohammad Ashik Rashid, Mohd Abdur Kouzani, Abbas Z. Mahmud, M. A. Parvez Design and Optimization of ECG Modeling for Generating Different Cardiac Dysrhythmias |
title | Design and Optimization of ECG Modeling for Generating Different Cardiac Dysrhythmias |
title_full | Design and Optimization of ECG Modeling for Generating Different Cardiac Dysrhythmias |
title_fullStr | Design and Optimization of ECG Modeling for Generating Different Cardiac Dysrhythmias |
title_full_unstemmed | Design and Optimization of ECG Modeling for Generating Different Cardiac Dysrhythmias |
title_short | Design and Optimization of ECG Modeling for Generating Different Cardiac Dysrhythmias |
title_sort | design and optimization of ecg modeling for generating different cardiac dysrhythmias |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7956726/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33652721 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21051638 |
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