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Thermodynamic Modeling and Validation of the Temperature Influence in Ternary Phase Polymer Systems

The effect of the temperature, as a process variable in the fabrication of polymeric membranes by the non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) technique, has been scarcely studied. In the present work, we studied the influence of temperature, working at 293, 313 and 333 K, on the experimental bin...

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Autores principales: Romay, Marta, Diban, Nazely, Urtiaga, Ane
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7956791/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33668209
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13050678
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author Romay, Marta
Diban, Nazely
Urtiaga, Ane
author_facet Romay, Marta
Diban, Nazely
Urtiaga, Ane
author_sort Romay, Marta
collection PubMed
description The effect of the temperature, as a process variable in the fabrication of polymeric membranes by the non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) technique, has been scarcely studied. In the present work, we studied the influence of temperature, working at 293, 313 and 333 K, on the experimental binodal curves of four ternary systems composed of PVDF and PES as the polymers, DMAc and NMP as the solvents and water as the non-solvent. The increase of the temperature caused an increase on the solubility gap of the ternary system, as expected. The shift of the binodal curve with the temperature was more evident in PVDF systems than in PES systems indicating the influence of the rubbery or glassy state of the polymer on the thermodynamics of phase separation. As a novelty, the present work has introduced the temperature influence on the Flory–Huggins model to fit the experimental cloud points. Binary interaction parameters were calculated as a function of the temperature: (i) non-solvent/solvent (g(12)) expressions with UNIFAC-Dortmund methodology and (ii) non-solvent/polymer (χ(13)) and solvent/polymer (χ(23)) using Hansen solubility parameters. Additionally, the effect of the ternary interaction term was not negligible in the model. Estimated ternary interaction parameters (χ(123)) presented a linear relation with temperature and negative values, indicating that the solubility of the polymers in mixtures of solvent/non-solvent was higher than expected for single binary interaction. Finally, PES ternary systems exhibited higher influence of the ternary interaction parameter than PVDF systems.
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spelling pubmed-79567912021-03-16 Thermodynamic Modeling and Validation of the Temperature Influence in Ternary Phase Polymer Systems Romay, Marta Diban, Nazely Urtiaga, Ane Polymers (Basel) Article The effect of the temperature, as a process variable in the fabrication of polymeric membranes by the non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) technique, has been scarcely studied. In the present work, we studied the influence of temperature, working at 293, 313 and 333 K, on the experimental binodal curves of four ternary systems composed of PVDF and PES as the polymers, DMAc and NMP as the solvents and water as the non-solvent. The increase of the temperature caused an increase on the solubility gap of the ternary system, as expected. The shift of the binodal curve with the temperature was more evident in PVDF systems than in PES systems indicating the influence of the rubbery or glassy state of the polymer on the thermodynamics of phase separation. As a novelty, the present work has introduced the temperature influence on the Flory–Huggins model to fit the experimental cloud points. Binary interaction parameters were calculated as a function of the temperature: (i) non-solvent/solvent (g(12)) expressions with UNIFAC-Dortmund methodology and (ii) non-solvent/polymer (χ(13)) and solvent/polymer (χ(23)) using Hansen solubility parameters. Additionally, the effect of the ternary interaction term was not negligible in the model. Estimated ternary interaction parameters (χ(123)) presented a linear relation with temperature and negative values, indicating that the solubility of the polymers in mixtures of solvent/non-solvent was higher than expected for single binary interaction. Finally, PES ternary systems exhibited higher influence of the ternary interaction parameter than PVDF systems. MDPI 2021-02-24 /pmc/articles/PMC7956791/ /pubmed/33668209 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13050678 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Romay, Marta
Diban, Nazely
Urtiaga, Ane
Thermodynamic Modeling and Validation of the Temperature Influence in Ternary Phase Polymer Systems
title Thermodynamic Modeling and Validation of the Temperature Influence in Ternary Phase Polymer Systems
title_full Thermodynamic Modeling and Validation of the Temperature Influence in Ternary Phase Polymer Systems
title_fullStr Thermodynamic Modeling and Validation of the Temperature Influence in Ternary Phase Polymer Systems
title_full_unstemmed Thermodynamic Modeling and Validation of the Temperature Influence in Ternary Phase Polymer Systems
title_short Thermodynamic Modeling and Validation of the Temperature Influence in Ternary Phase Polymer Systems
title_sort thermodynamic modeling and validation of the temperature influence in ternary phase polymer systems
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7956791/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33668209
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13050678
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