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Oral health among HIV-positive and HIV-negative children in Phnom Penh, Cambodia: a cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND: HIV-positive children are at high risk for oral mucosal disorders. Additionally, their low immune status is associated with dental caries. However, little is known about how their dental caries and related risk factors, such as salivary flow, salivary pH level and oral health-related qua...

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Autores principales: Kikuchi, Kimiyo, Yi, Siyan, Yasuoka, Junko, Tuot, Sovannary, Okawa, Sumiyo, Murayama, Makoto, Yem, Sokunthea, Chhoun, Pheak, Eng, Sothearith, Huot, Chantheany, Morokuma, Seiichi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7957132/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33782657
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000992
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author Kikuchi, Kimiyo
Yi, Siyan
Yasuoka, Junko
Tuot, Sovannary
Okawa, Sumiyo
Murayama, Makoto
Yem, Sokunthea
Chhoun, Pheak
Eng, Sothearith
Huot, Chantheany
Morokuma, Seiichi
author_facet Kikuchi, Kimiyo
Yi, Siyan
Yasuoka, Junko
Tuot, Sovannary
Okawa, Sumiyo
Murayama, Makoto
Yem, Sokunthea
Chhoun, Pheak
Eng, Sothearith
Huot, Chantheany
Morokuma, Seiichi
author_sort Kikuchi, Kimiyo
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: HIV-positive children are at high risk for oral mucosal disorders. Additionally, their low immune status is associated with dental caries. However, little is known about how their dental caries and related risk factors, such as salivary flow, salivary pH level and oral health-related quality of life, differ from those of HIV-negative children. The study aimed to assess (1) dental caries and related risk factors in HIV-positive compared with HIV-negative children and (2) the association between these factors and HIV seropositive status in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted as a baseline survey of a randomised controlled trial. The study setting was the National Pediatric Hospital’s catchment area. The study population comprised 328 HIV-positive and 154 HIV-negative children aged 3–15 years and their caregivers. We collected clinical oral health data, questionnaire data to assess oral health-related quality of life and growth data. RESULTS: The mean number of decayed, missing or filled permanent teeth (DMFT) and deciduous teeth (dmft) among HIV-positive children was 4.0 (SD 3.6) and 7.0 (SD 4.9), respectively. Among HIV-negative children, the respective values were 3.3 (SD 3.7) and 7.1 (SD 4.6). Living with HIV was positively associated with DMFT (adjusted OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.14 to 3.01) and salivary flow (β=0.72, 95% CI 0.44 to 1.00) and negatively associated with salivary pH (β=−0.13, 95% CI −0.24 to –0.02). However, HIV-positive status was not significantly associated with dmft or oral health-related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: HIV-positive children had poorer oral health status regarding DMFT and salivary pH level. Specific strategies and further efforts are required to align their oral health status with that of HIV-negative children.
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spelling pubmed-79571322021-03-28 Oral health among HIV-positive and HIV-negative children in Phnom Penh, Cambodia: a cross-sectional study Kikuchi, Kimiyo Yi, Siyan Yasuoka, Junko Tuot, Sovannary Okawa, Sumiyo Murayama, Makoto Yem, Sokunthea Chhoun, Pheak Eng, Sothearith Huot, Chantheany Morokuma, Seiichi BMJ Paediatr Open Infectious Diseases BACKGROUND: HIV-positive children are at high risk for oral mucosal disorders. Additionally, their low immune status is associated with dental caries. However, little is known about how their dental caries and related risk factors, such as salivary flow, salivary pH level and oral health-related quality of life, differ from those of HIV-negative children. The study aimed to assess (1) dental caries and related risk factors in HIV-positive compared with HIV-negative children and (2) the association between these factors and HIV seropositive status in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted as a baseline survey of a randomised controlled trial. The study setting was the National Pediatric Hospital’s catchment area. The study population comprised 328 HIV-positive and 154 HIV-negative children aged 3–15 years and their caregivers. We collected clinical oral health data, questionnaire data to assess oral health-related quality of life and growth data. RESULTS: The mean number of decayed, missing or filled permanent teeth (DMFT) and deciduous teeth (dmft) among HIV-positive children was 4.0 (SD 3.6) and 7.0 (SD 4.9), respectively. Among HIV-negative children, the respective values were 3.3 (SD 3.7) and 7.1 (SD 4.6). Living with HIV was positively associated with DMFT (adjusted OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.14 to 3.01) and salivary flow (β=0.72, 95% CI 0.44 to 1.00) and negatively associated with salivary pH (β=−0.13, 95% CI −0.24 to –0.02). However, HIV-positive status was not significantly associated with dmft or oral health-related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: HIV-positive children had poorer oral health status regarding DMFT and salivary pH level. Specific strategies and further efforts are required to align their oral health status with that of HIV-negative children. BMJ Publishing Group 2021-03-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7957132/ /pubmed/33782657 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000992 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
spellingShingle Infectious Diseases
Kikuchi, Kimiyo
Yi, Siyan
Yasuoka, Junko
Tuot, Sovannary
Okawa, Sumiyo
Murayama, Makoto
Yem, Sokunthea
Chhoun, Pheak
Eng, Sothearith
Huot, Chantheany
Morokuma, Seiichi
Oral health among HIV-positive and HIV-negative children in Phnom Penh, Cambodia: a cross-sectional study
title Oral health among HIV-positive and HIV-negative children in Phnom Penh, Cambodia: a cross-sectional study
title_full Oral health among HIV-positive and HIV-negative children in Phnom Penh, Cambodia: a cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Oral health among HIV-positive and HIV-negative children in Phnom Penh, Cambodia: a cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Oral health among HIV-positive and HIV-negative children in Phnom Penh, Cambodia: a cross-sectional study
title_short Oral health among HIV-positive and HIV-negative children in Phnom Penh, Cambodia: a cross-sectional study
title_sort oral health among hiv-positive and hiv-negative children in phnom penh, cambodia: a cross-sectional study
topic Infectious Diseases
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7957132/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33782657
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000992
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