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Characterizing the immune response of chickens to Campylobacter jejuni (Strain A74C)

Campylobacter is one of the major foodborne pathogens causing bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. The immune response of broiler chickens to C. jejuni is under-researched. This study aimed to characterize the immune response of chickens to Campylobacter jejuni colonization. Birds were challenged or...

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Autores principales: Mortada, Mohamad, Cosby, Douglas E., Akerele, Gabriel, Ramadan, Nour, Oxford, Jarred, Shanmugasundaram, Revathi, Ng, Theros T., Selvaraj, Ramesh K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7959354/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33720955
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247080
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author Mortada, Mohamad
Cosby, Douglas E.
Akerele, Gabriel
Ramadan, Nour
Oxford, Jarred
Shanmugasundaram, Revathi
Ng, Theros T.
Selvaraj, Ramesh K.
author_facet Mortada, Mohamad
Cosby, Douglas E.
Akerele, Gabriel
Ramadan, Nour
Oxford, Jarred
Shanmugasundaram, Revathi
Ng, Theros T.
Selvaraj, Ramesh K.
author_sort Mortada, Mohamad
collection PubMed
description Campylobacter is one of the major foodborne pathogens causing bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. The immune response of broiler chickens to C. jejuni is under-researched. This study aimed to characterize the immune response of chickens to Campylobacter jejuni colonization. Birds were challenged orally with 0.5 mL of 2.4 x 10(8) CFU/mL of Campylobacter jejuni or with 0.5 mL of 0.85% saline. Campylobacter jejuni persisted in the ceca of challenged birds with cecal colonization reaching 4.9 log10 CFU/g on 21 dpi. Campylobacter was disseminated to the spleen and liver on 7 dpi and was cleared on 21 dpi from both internal organs. Challenged birds had a significant increase in anti-Campylobacter serum IgY (14&21 dpi) and bile IgA (14 dpi). At 3 dpi, there was a significant suppression in T-lymphocytes derived from the cecal tonsils of birds in the challenge treatment when compared to the control treatment after 72 h of ex vivo stimulation with Con A or C. jejuni. The T-cell suppression on 3 dpi was accompanied by a significant decrease in LITAF, K60, CLAU-2, IL-1β, iNOS, and IL-6 mRNA levels in the ceca and an increase in nitric oxide production from adherent splenocytes of challenged birds. In addition, on 3 dpi, there was a significant increase in CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the challenge treatment. On 14 dpi, both pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines were upregulated in the spleen, and a significant increase in CD8+ T lymphocytes in Campylobacter-challenged birds’ ceca was observed. The persistence of C. jejuni in the ceca of challenged birds on 21 dpi was accompanied by an increase in IL-10 and LITAF mRNA levels, an increase in MNC proliferation when stimulated ex-vivo with the diluted C. jejuni, an increase in serum specific IgY antibodies, an increase in both CD4+ and CD8+ cells, and a decrease in CD4+:CD8+ cell ratio. The balanced Th1 and Th2 immune responses against C. jejuni might explain the ceca’s bacterial colonization and the absence of pathology in Campylobacter-challenged birds. Future studies on T lymphocyte subpopulations should elucidate a pivotal role in the persistence of Campylobacter in the ceca.
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spelling pubmed-79593542021-03-25 Characterizing the immune response of chickens to Campylobacter jejuni (Strain A74C) Mortada, Mohamad Cosby, Douglas E. Akerele, Gabriel Ramadan, Nour Oxford, Jarred Shanmugasundaram, Revathi Ng, Theros T. Selvaraj, Ramesh K. PLoS One Research Article Campylobacter is one of the major foodborne pathogens causing bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. The immune response of broiler chickens to C. jejuni is under-researched. This study aimed to characterize the immune response of chickens to Campylobacter jejuni colonization. Birds were challenged orally with 0.5 mL of 2.4 x 10(8) CFU/mL of Campylobacter jejuni or with 0.5 mL of 0.85% saline. Campylobacter jejuni persisted in the ceca of challenged birds with cecal colonization reaching 4.9 log10 CFU/g on 21 dpi. Campylobacter was disseminated to the spleen and liver on 7 dpi and was cleared on 21 dpi from both internal organs. Challenged birds had a significant increase in anti-Campylobacter serum IgY (14&21 dpi) and bile IgA (14 dpi). At 3 dpi, there was a significant suppression in T-lymphocytes derived from the cecal tonsils of birds in the challenge treatment when compared to the control treatment after 72 h of ex vivo stimulation with Con A or C. jejuni. The T-cell suppression on 3 dpi was accompanied by a significant decrease in LITAF, K60, CLAU-2, IL-1β, iNOS, and IL-6 mRNA levels in the ceca and an increase in nitric oxide production from adherent splenocytes of challenged birds. In addition, on 3 dpi, there was a significant increase in CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the challenge treatment. On 14 dpi, both pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines were upregulated in the spleen, and a significant increase in CD8+ T lymphocytes in Campylobacter-challenged birds’ ceca was observed. The persistence of C. jejuni in the ceca of challenged birds on 21 dpi was accompanied by an increase in IL-10 and LITAF mRNA levels, an increase in MNC proliferation when stimulated ex-vivo with the diluted C. jejuni, an increase in serum specific IgY antibodies, an increase in both CD4+ and CD8+ cells, and a decrease in CD4+:CD8+ cell ratio. The balanced Th1 and Th2 immune responses against C. jejuni might explain the ceca’s bacterial colonization and the absence of pathology in Campylobacter-challenged birds. Future studies on T lymphocyte subpopulations should elucidate a pivotal role in the persistence of Campylobacter in the ceca. Public Library of Science 2021-03-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7959354/ /pubmed/33720955 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247080 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication.
spellingShingle Research Article
Mortada, Mohamad
Cosby, Douglas E.
Akerele, Gabriel
Ramadan, Nour
Oxford, Jarred
Shanmugasundaram, Revathi
Ng, Theros T.
Selvaraj, Ramesh K.
Characterizing the immune response of chickens to Campylobacter jejuni (Strain A74C)
title Characterizing the immune response of chickens to Campylobacter jejuni (Strain A74C)
title_full Characterizing the immune response of chickens to Campylobacter jejuni (Strain A74C)
title_fullStr Characterizing the immune response of chickens to Campylobacter jejuni (Strain A74C)
title_full_unstemmed Characterizing the immune response of chickens to Campylobacter jejuni (Strain A74C)
title_short Characterizing the immune response of chickens to Campylobacter jejuni (Strain A74C)
title_sort characterizing the immune response of chickens to campylobacter jejuni (strain a74c)
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7959354/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33720955
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247080
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