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Leishmaniasis Beyond East Africa

Climate change is having a substantial impact on our environment and ecosystems and has altered the way humans live, access, and utilize resources with increased risk of zoonotic infectious disease encounters. As global temperatures continue to increase, they impact on public health, migration, food...

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Autores principales: Jones, Caitlin M., Welburn, Susan C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7959848/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33732738
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.618766
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author Jones, Caitlin M.
Welburn, Susan C.
author_facet Jones, Caitlin M.
Welburn, Susan C.
author_sort Jones, Caitlin M.
collection PubMed
description Climate change is having a substantial impact on our environment and ecosystems and has altered the way humans live, access, and utilize resources with increased risk of zoonotic infectious disease encounters. As global temperatures continue to increase, they impact on public health, migration, food security and land conflict, and as new environments become favorable, exposure to disease carrying vectors. Increased forests or natural habitat clearance for land repurposing, urbanization, road building, and water management are related to an increase in emerging vector borne parasitic diseases. The East African region remains one of the most impacted regions globally for leishmaniasis, a vector borne disease that impacts significantly on the health, wellbeing and livelihoods of affected communities and for which a lack of reporting and control interventions hinder progress toward elimination of this neglected tropical disease. As our world continues to transform, both politically and climatically, it is essential that measures are put in place to improve surveillance and disease management with implementation of control measures, including vector control, especially in low- and middle-income countries that are expected to be most impacted by changes in climate. Only through effective management, now, can we be sufficiently resilient to preventing the inevitable spread of vectors into suitable habitat and expansion of the geographical range of leishmaniasis. This review offers a current perspective on Leishmaniasis as an endemic disease in East Africa and examines the potential of the recent emergence of Leishmania infection in hitherto unaffected regions to become a public health concern if no disease management is achieved.
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spelling pubmed-79598482021-03-16 Leishmaniasis Beyond East Africa Jones, Caitlin M. Welburn, Susan C. Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science Climate change is having a substantial impact on our environment and ecosystems and has altered the way humans live, access, and utilize resources with increased risk of zoonotic infectious disease encounters. As global temperatures continue to increase, they impact on public health, migration, food security and land conflict, and as new environments become favorable, exposure to disease carrying vectors. Increased forests or natural habitat clearance for land repurposing, urbanization, road building, and water management are related to an increase in emerging vector borne parasitic diseases. The East African region remains one of the most impacted regions globally for leishmaniasis, a vector borne disease that impacts significantly on the health, wellbeing and livelihoods of affected communities and for which a lack of reporting and control interventions hinder progress toward elimination of this neglected tropical disease. As our world continues to transform, both politically and climatically, it is essential that measures are put in place to improve surveillance and disease management with implementation of control measures, including vector control, especially in low- and middle-income countries that are expected to be most impacted by changes in climate. Only through effective management, now, can we be sufficiently resilient to preventing the inevitable spread of vectors into suitable habitat and expansion of the geographical range of leishmaniasis. This review offers a current perspective on Leishmaniasis as an endemic disease in East Africa and examines the potential of the recent emergence of Leishmania infection in hitherto unaffected regions to become a public health concern if no disease management is achieved. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-02-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7959848/ /pubmed/33732738 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.618766 Text en Copyright © 2021 Jones and Welburn. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Jones, Caitlin M.
Welburn, Susan C.
Leishmaniasis Beyond East Africa
title Leishmaniasis Beyond East Africa
title_full Leishmaniasis Beyond East Africa
title_fullStr Leishmaniasis Beyond East Africa
title_full_unstemmed Leishmaniasis Beyond East Africa
title_short Leishmaniasis Beyond East Africa
title_sort leishmaniasis beyond east africa
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7959848/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33732738
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.618766
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