Cargando…
Sulfur-Modified Carbon Nanotubes for the Development of Advanced Elastomeric Materials
The outstanding properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) present some limitations when introduced into rubber matrices, especially when these nano-particles are applied in high-performance tire tread compounds. Their tendency to agglomerate into bundles due to van der Waals interactions, the strong inf...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7962203/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33800114 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13050821 |
_version_ | 1783665423605039104 |
---|---|
author | Bernal-Ortega, Pilar Bernal, M. Mar Blume, Anke González-Jiménez, Antonio Posadas, Pilar Navarro, Rodrigo Valentín, Juan L. |
author_facet | Bernal-Ortega, Pilar Bernal, M. Mar Blume, Anke González-Jiménez, Antonio Posadas, Pilar Navarro, Rodrigo Valentín, Juan L. |
author_sort | Bernal-Ortega, Pilar |
collection | PubMed |
description | The outstanding properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) present some limitations when introduced into rubber matrices, especially when these nano-particles are applied in high-performance tire tread compounds. Their tendency to agglomerate into bundles due to van der Waals interactions, the strong influence of CNT on the vulcanization process, and the adsorptive nature of filler–rubber interactions contribute to increase the energy dissipation phenomena on rubber–CNT compounds. Consequently, their expected performance in terms of rolling resistance is limited. To overcome these three important issues, the CNT have been surface-modified with oxygen-bearing groups and sulfur, resulting in an improvement in the key properties of these rubber compounds for their use in tire tread applications. A deep characterization of these new materials using functionalized CNT as filler was carried out by using a combination of mechanical, equilibrium swelling and low-field NMR experiments. The outcome of this research revealed that the formation of covalent bonds between the rubber matrix and the nano-particles by the introduction of sulfur at the CNT surface has positive effects on the viscoelastic behavior and the network structure of the rubber compounds, by a decrease of both the loss factor at 60 °C (rolling resistance) and the non-elastic defects, while increasing the crosslink density of the new compounds. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7962203 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79622032021-03-17 Sulfur-Modified Carbon Nanotubes for the Development of Advanced Elastomeric Materials Bernal-Ortega, Pilar Bernal, M. Mar Blume, Anke González-Jiménez, Antonio Posadas, Pilar Navarro, Rodrigo Valentín, Juan L. Polymers (Basel) Article The outstanding properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) present some limitations when introduced into rubber matrices, especially when these nano-particles are applied in high-performance tire tread compounds. Their tendency to agglomerate into bundles due to van der Waals interactions, the strong influence of CNT on the vulcanization process, and the adsorptive nature of filler–rubber interactions contribute to increase the energy dissipation phenomena on rubber–CNT compounds. Consequently, their expected performance in terms of rolling resistance is limited. To overcome these three important issues, the CNT have been surface-modified with oxygen-bearing groups and sulfur, resulting in an improvement in the key properties of these rubber compounds for their use in tire tread applications. A deep characterization of these new materials using functionalized CNT as filler was carried out by using a combination of mechanical, equilibrium swelling and low-field NMR experiments. The outcome of this research revealed that the formation of covalent bonds between the rubber matrix and the nano-particles by the introduction of sulfur at the CNT surface has positive effects on the viscoelastic behavior and the network structure of the rubber compounds, by a decrease of both the loss factor at 60 °C (rolling resistance) and the non-elastic defects, while increasing the crosslink density of the new compounds. MDPI 2021-03-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7962203/ /pubmed/33800114 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13050821 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Bernal-Ortega, Pilar Bernal, M. Mar Blume, Anke González-Jiménez, Antonio Posadas, Pilar Navarro, Rodrigo Valentín, Juan L. Sulfur-Modified Carbon Nanotubes for the Development of Advanced Elastomeric Materials |
title | Sulfur-Modified Carbon Nanotubes for the Development of Advanced Elastomeric Materials |
title_full | Sulfur-Modified Carbon Nanotubes for the Development of Advanced Elastomeric Materials |
title_fullStr | Sulfur-Modified Carbon Nanotubes for the Development of Advanced Elastomeric Materials |
title_full_unstemmed | Sulfur-Modified Carbon Nanotubes for the Development of Advanced Elastomeric Materials |
title_short | Sulfur-Modified Carbon Nanotubes for the Development of Advanced Elastomeric Materials |
title_sort | sulfur-modified carbon nanotubes for the development of advanced elastomeric materials |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7962203/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33800114 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13050821 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT bernalortegapilar sulfurmodifiedcarbonnanotubesforthedevelopmentofadvancedelastomericmaterials AT bernalmmar sulfurmodifiedcarbonnanotubesforthedevelopmentofadvancedelastomericmaterials AT blumeanke sulfurmodifiedcarbonnanotubesforthedevelopmentofadvancedelastomericmaterials AT gonzalezjimenezantonio sulfurmodifiedcarbonnanotubesforthedevelopmentofadvancedelastomericmaterials AT posadaspilar sulfurmodifiedcarbonnanotubesforthedevelopmentofadvancedelastomericmaterials AT navarrorodrigo sulfurmodifiedcarbonnanotubesforthedevelopmentofadvancedelastomericmaterials AT valentinjuanl sulfurmodifiedcarbonnanotubesforthedevelopmentofadvancedelastomericmaterials |