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Longitudinal Assessment of Immune Responses to Repeated Annual Influenza Vaccination in a Human Cohort of Adults and Teenagers
Background: The overall performance of a multiple component vaccine assessed by the vaccine-elicited immune responses across various strains in a repeated vaccination setting has not been well-studied, and the comparison between adults and teenagers is yet to be made. Methods: A human cohort study w...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7965973/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33746985 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.642791 |
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author | Sung, Meng-Hsuan Shen, Ye Handel, Andreas Bahl, Justin Ross, Ted M. |
author_facet | Sung, Meng-Hsuan Shen, Ye Handel, Andreas Bahl, Justin Ross, Ted M. |
author_sort | Sung, Meng-Hsuan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: The overall performance of a multiple component vaccine assessed by the vaccine-elicited immune responses across various strains in a repeated vaccination setting has not been well-studied, and the comparison between adults and teenagers is yet to be made. Methods: A human cohort study was conducted at the University of Georgia, with 140 subjects (86 adults and 54 teenagers) repeatedly vaccinated in the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 influenza seasons. Host information was prospectively collected, and serum samples were collected before and after vaccination in each season. The association between host factors and repeated measures of hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) composite scores was assessed by generalized linear models with generalized estimating equations. Results: The mean HAI composite scores for the entire sample (t = 4.26, df = 139, p < 0.001) and the teenager group (t = 6.44, df = 53, p < 0.001) declined in the second season, while the changes in the adults were not statistically significant (t = −1.14, df = 85, p = 0.26). A mixture pattern of changes in both directions was observed in the adults when stratified by prior vaccination. In addition, the regression analysis suggested an interactive effect of age and BMI on the HAI composite scores in the overall population (beta = 0.005; 95% CI, 0.0008–0.01) and the adults (beta = 0.005; 95% CI, 0.0005–0.01). Conclusions: Our study found distinct vaccine-elicited immune responses between adults and teenagers when both were repeatedly vaccinated in consecutive years. An interactive effect of age and BMI on the HAI composite scores were identified in the overall population and the adults. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7965973 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79659732021-03-18 Longitudinal Assessment of Immune Responses to Repeated Annual Influenza Vaccination in a Human Cohort of Adults and Teenagers Sung, Meng-Hsuan Shen, Ye Handel, Andreas Bahl, Justin Ross, Ted M. Front Immunol Immunology Background: The overall performance of a multiple component vaccine assessed by the vaccine-elicited immune responses across various strains in a repeated vaccination setting has not been well-studied, and the comparison between adults and teenagers is yet to be made. Methods: A human cohort study was conducted at the University of Georgia, with 140 subjects (86 adults and 54 teenagers) repeatedly vaccinated in the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 influenza seasons. Host information was prospectively collected, and serum samples were collected before and after vaccination in each season. The association between host factors and repeated measures of hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) composite scores was assessed by generalized linear models with generalized estimating equations. Results: The mean HAI composite scores for the entire sample (t = 4.26, df = 139, p < 0.001) and the teenager group (t = 6.44, df = 53, p < 0.001) declined in the second season, while the changes in the adults were not statistically significant (t = −1.14, df = 85, p = 0.26). A mixture pattern of changes in both directions was observed in the adults when stratified by prior vaccination. In addition, the regression analysis suggested an interactive effect of age and BMI on the HAI composite scores in the overall population (beta = 0.005; 95% CI, 0.0008–0.01) and the adults (beta = 0.005; 95% CI, 0.0005–0.01). Conclusions: Our study found distinct vaccine-elicited immune responses between adults and teenagers when both were repeatedly vaccinated in consecutive years. An interactive effect of age and BMI on the HAI composite scores were identified in the overall population and the adults. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-03-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7965973/ /pubmed/33746985 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.642791 Text en Copyright © 2021 Sung, Shen, Handel, Bahl and Ross. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Sung, Meng-Hsuan Shen, Ye Handel, Andreas Bahl, Justin Ross, Ted M. Longitudinal Assessment of Immune Responses to Repeated Annual Influenza Vaccination in a Human Cohort of Adults and Teenagers |
title | Longitudinal Assessment of Immune Responses to Repeated Annual Influenza Vaccination in a Human Cohort of Adults and Teenagers |
title_full | Longitudinal Assessment of Immune Responses to Repeated Annual Influenza Vaccination in a Human Cohort of Adults and Teenagers |
title_fullStr | Longitudinal Assessment of Immune Responses to Repeated Annual Influenza Vaccination in a Human Cohort of Adults and Teenagers |
title_full_unstemmed | Longitudinal Assessment of Immune Responses to Repeated Annual Influenza Vaccination in a Human Cohort of Adults and Teenagers |
title_short | Longitudinal Assessment of Immune Responses to Repeated Annual Influenza Vaccination in a Human Cohort of Adults and Teenagers |
title_sort | longitudinal assessment of immune responses to repeated annual influenza vaccination in a human cohort of adults and teenagers |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7965973/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33746985 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.642791 |
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