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Effect of short-term exposure to particulate air pollution on heart rate variability in normal-weight and obese adults

BACKGROUND: The adverse effects of particulate air pollution on heart rate variability (HRV) have been reported. However, it remains unclear whether they differ by the weight status as well as between wake and sleep. METHODS: A repeated-measure study was conducted in 97 young adults in Beijing, Chin...

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Autores principales: Li, Luyi, Hu, Dayu, Zhang, Wenlou, Cui, Liyan, Jia, Xu, Yang, Di, Liu, Shan, Deng, Furong, Liu, Junxiu, Guo, Xinbiao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7968215/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33726760
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12940-021-00707-0
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author Li, Luyi
Hu, Dayu
Zhang, Wenlou
Cui, Liyan
Jia, Xu
Yang, Di
Liu, Shan
Deng, Furong
Liu, Junxiu
Guo, Xinbiao
author_facet Li, Luyi
Hu, Dayu
Zhang, Wenlou
Cui, Liyan
Jia, Xu
Yang, Di
Liu, Shan
Deng, Furong
Liu, Junxiu
Guo, Xinbiao
author_sort Li, Luyi
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The adverse effects of particulate air pollution on heart rate variability (HRV) have been reported. However, it remains unclear whether they differ by the weight status as well as between wake and sleep. METHODS: A repeated-measure study was conducted in 97 young adults in Beijing, China, and they were classified by body mass index (BMI) as normal-weight (BMI, 18.5–24.0 kg/m(2)) and obese (BMI ≥ 28.0 kg/m(2)) groups. Personal exposures to fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) and black carbon (BC) were measured with portable exposure monitors, and the ambient PM(2.5)/BC concentrations were obtained from the fixed monitoring sites near the subjects’ residences. HRV and heart rate (HR) were monitored by 24-h Holter electrocardiography. The study period was divided into waking and sleeping hours according to time-activity diaries. Linear mixed-effects models were used to investigate the effects of PM(2.5)/BC on HRV and HR in both groups during wake and sleep. RESULTS: The effects of short-term exposure to PM(2.5)/BC on HRV were more pronounced among obese participants. In the normal-weight group, the positive association between personal PM(2.5)/BC exposure and high-frequency power (HF) as well as the ratio of low-frequency power to high-frequency power (LF/HF) was observed during wakefulness. In the obese group, personal PM(2.5)/BC exposure was negatively associated with HF but positively associated with LF/HF during wakefulness, whereas it was negatively correlated to total power and standard deviation of all NN intervals (SDNN) during sleep. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in BC at 2-h moving average was associated with 37.64% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 25.03, 51.51%) increases in LF/HF during wakefulness and associated with 6.28% (95% CI: − 17.26, 6.15%) decreases in SDNN during sleep in obese individuals, and the interaction terms between BC and obesity in LF/HF and SDNN were both statistically significant (p <  0.05). The results also suggested that the effects of PM(2.5)/BC exposure on several HRV indices and HR differed in magnitude or direction between wake and sleep. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term exposure to PM(2.5)/BC is associated with HRV and HR, especially in obese individuals. The circadian rhythm of HRV should be considered in future studies when HRV is applied. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12940-021-00707-0.
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spelling pubmed-79682152021-03-22 Effect of short-term exposure to particulate air pollution on heart rate variability in normal-weight and obese adults Li, Luyi Hu, Dayu Zhang, Wenlou Cui, Liyan Jia, Xu Yang, Di Liu, Shan Deng, Furong Liu, Junxiu Guo, Xinbiao Environ Health Research BACKGROUND: The adverse effects of particulate air pollution on heart rate variability (HRV) have been reported. However, it remains unclear whether they differ by the weight status as well as between wake and sleep. METHODS: A repeated-measure study was conducted in 97 young adults in Beijing, China, and they were classified by body mass index (BMI) as normal-weight (BMI, 18.5–24.0 kg/m(2)) and obese (BMI ≥ 28.0 kg/m(2)) groups. Personal exposures to fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) and black carbon (BC) were measured with portable exposure monitors, and the ambient PM(2.5)/BC concentrations were obtained from the fixed monitoring sites near the subjects’ residences. HRV and heart rate (HR) were monitored by 24-h Holter electrocardiography. The study period was divided into waking and sleeping hours according to time-activity diaries. Linear mixed-effects models were used to investigate the effects of PM(2.5)/BC on HRV and HR in both groups during wake and sleep. RESULTS: The effects of short-term exposure to PM(2.5)/BC on HRV were more pronounced among obese participants. In the normal-weight group, the positive association between personal PM(2.5)/BC exposure and high-frequency power (HF) as well as the ratio of low-frequency power to high-frequency power (LF/HF) was observed during wakefulness. In the obese group, personal PM(2.5)/BC exposure was negatively associated with HF but positively associated with LF/HF during wakefulness, whereas it was negatively correlated to total power and standard deviation of all NN intervals (SDNN) during sleep. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in BC at 2-h moving average was associated with 37.64% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 25.03, 51.51%) increases in LF/HF during wakefulness and associated with 6.28% (95% CI: − 17.26, 6.15%) decreases in SDNN during sleep in obese individuals, and the interaction terms between BC and obesity in LF/HF and SDNN were both statistically significant (p <  0.05). The results also suggested that the effects of PM(2.5)/BC exposure on several HRV indices and HR differed in magnitude or direction between wake and sleep. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term exposure to PM(2.5)/BC is associated with HRV and HR, especially in obese individuals. The circadian rhythm of HRV should be considered in future studies when HRV is applied. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12940-021-00707-0. BioMed Central 2021-03-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7968215/ /pubmed/33726760 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12940-021-00707-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Li, Luyi
Hu, Dayu
Zhang, Wenlou
Cui, Liyan
Jia, Xu
Yang, Di
Liu, Shan
Deng, Furong
Liu, Junxiu
Guo, Xinbiao
Effect of short-term exposure to particulate air pollution on heart rate variability in normal-weight and obese adults
title Effect of short-term exposure to particulate air pollution on heart rate variability in normal-weight and obese adults
title_full Effect of short-term exposure to particulate air pollution on heart rate variability in normal-weight and obese adults
title_fullStr Effect of short-term exposure to particulate air pollution on heart rate variability in normal-weight and obese adults
title_full_unstemmed Effect of short-term exposure to particulate air pollution on heart rate variability in normal-weight and obese adults
title_short Effect of short-term exposure to particulate air pollution on heart rate variability in normal-weight and obese adults
title_sort effect of short-term exposure to particulate air pollution on heart rate variability in normal-weight and obese adults
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7968215/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33726760
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12940-021-00707-0
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