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Psychometric properties of the STAI-Y scales and normative data in an Italian elderly population
BACKGROUND: Early detection of anxiety symptoms in older people is capital as it may be linked to increased physical/functional disabilities, onset and progression of neurodegenerative disorders, and poor cognitive functioning. Nonetheless, there is a paucity of psychometrically validated anxiety me...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer International Publishing
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7968568/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33733325 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40520-021-01815-0 |
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author | Ilardi, Ciro Rosario Gamboz, Nadia Iavarone, Alessandro Chieffi, Sergio Brandimonte, Maria Antonella |
author_facet | Ilardi, Ciro Rosario Gamboz, Nadia Iavarone, Alessandro Chieffi, Sergio Brandimonte, Maria Antonella |
author_sort | Ilardi, Ciro Rosario |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Early detection of anxiety symptoms in older people is capital as it may be linked to increased physical/functional disabilities, onset and progression of neurodegenerative disorders, and poor cognitive functioning. Nonetheless, there is a paucity of psychometrically validated anxiety measures in the elderly. AIMS: This study aimed at assessing the psychometric properties of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Form Y (STAI-Y) and providing the first normative data for the Italian elderly population. METHODS: The sample included 361 individuals aged 65–94. All subjects underwent the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and the state (S-Anxiety) and trait anxiety (T-anxiety) scales of the STAI-Y. RESULTS: The S-Anxiety and T-Anxiety scales showed reliable internal consistency and, overall, good item characteristics. Divergent validity was “apparently” threatened, with S-Anxiety scale correlating with MMSE and GDS, and T-Anxiety scale only with GDS. The principal component analysis revealed a three-factor solution for both scales, i.e., presence and absence of state (or trait) anxiety, and performance anxiety. Since no effect of sociodemographic variables was found, unadjusted cutoffs were provided. CONCLUSIONS: Although some questions on the psychometric properties of the STAI-Y remain unanswered, this normative study can help clinicians and researchers to monitor anxiety levels in the Italian elderly population. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40520-021-01815-0. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7968568 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Springer International Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79685682021-03-18 Psychometric properties of the STAI-Y scales and normative data in an Italian elderly population Ilardi, Ciro Rosario Gamboz, Nadia Iavarone, Alessandro Chieffi, Sergio Brandimonte, Maria Antonella Aging Clin Exp Res Original Article BACKGROUND: Early detection of anxiety symptoms in older people is capital as it may be linked to increased physical/functional disabilities, onset and progression of neurodegenerative disorders, and poor cognitive functioning. Nonetheless, there is a paucity of psychometrically validated anxiety measures in the elderly. AIMS: This study aimed at assessing the psychometric properties of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Form Y (STAI-Y) and providing the first normative data for the Italian elderly population. METHODS: The sample included 361 individuals aged 65–94. All subjects underwent the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and the state (S-Anxiety) and trait anxiety (T-anxiety) scales of the STAI-Y. RESULTS: The S-Anxiety and T-Anxiety scales showed reliable internal consistency and, overall, good item characteristics. Divergent validity was “apparently” threatened, with S-Anxiety scale correlating with MMSE and GDS, and T-Anxiety scale only with GDS. The principal component analysis revealed a three-factor solution for both scales, i.e., presence and absence of state (or trait) anxiety, and performance anxiety. Since no effect of sociodemographic variables was found, unadjusted cutoffs were provided. CONCLUSIONS: Although some questions on the psychometric properties of the STAI-Y remain unanswered, this normative study can help clinicians and researchers to monitor anxiety levels in the Italian elderly population. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40520-021-01815-0. Springer International Publishing 2021-03-17 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC7968568/ /pubmed/33733325 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40520-021-01815-0 Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG part of Springer Nature 2021 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Ilardi, Ciro Rosario Gamboz, Nadia Iavarone, Alessandro Chieffi, Sergio Brandimonte, Maria Antonella Psychometric properties of the STAI-Y scales and normative data in an Italian elderly population |
title | Psychometric properties of the STAI-Y scales and normative data in an Italian elderly population |
title_full | Psychometric properties of the STAI-Y scales and normative data in an Italian elderly population |
title_fullStr | Psychometric properties of the STAI-Y scales and normative data in an Italian elderly population |
title_full_unstemmed | Psychometric properties of the STAI-Y scales and normative data in an Italian elderly population |
title_short | Psychometric properties of the STAI-Y scales and normative data in an Italian elderly population |
title_sort | psychometric properties of the stai-y scales and normative data in an italian elderly population |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7968568/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33733325 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40520-021-01815-0 |
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