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Adaptation of Gut Microbiome to Transgenic Pigs Secreting β-Glucanase, Xylanase, and Phytase
We previously generated transgenic pigs with enhanced growth rate and reduced nutrient loss. However, the composition of their gut microbiome is unknown. In this study, we successfully generated EGFP marker-free transgenic (MF-TG) pigs with high expression levels of microbial β-glucanase, xylanase,...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7971306/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33747047 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.631071 |
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author | Mo, Jianxin Li, Guoling Huang, Guangyan Wang, Haoqiang Shi, Junsong Zhou, Rong Cai, Gengyuan Wu, Zhenfang Zhang, Xianwei |
author_facet | Mo, Jianxin Li, Guoling Huang, Guangyan Wang, Haoqiang Shi, Junsong Zhou, Rong Cai, Gengyuan Wu, Zhenfang Zhang, Xianwei |
author_sort | Mo, Jianxin |
collection | PubMed |
description | We previously generated transgenic pigs with enhanced growth rate and reduced nutrient loss. However, the composition of their gut microbiome is unknown. In this study, we successfully generated EGFP marker-free transgenic (MF-TG) pigs with high expression levels of microbial β-glucanase, xylanase, and phytase in the parotid gland. We collected intestinal contents from the ileum, cecum and colon of five MF-TG and five wild-type (WT) sows and investigated the gut microbiome of the transgenic pigs via metagenomic analysis. Results showed that the levels of probiotics, such as Lactobacillus reuteri and Streptococcus, were more abundant in the cecum of the MF-TG pigs and higher than those of WT pigs. By contrast, the levels of harmful microorganisms, such as Campylobacter, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Campylobacter fetus, and various unidentified viruses, were higher in the cecum of the WT pigs than those of the MF-TG pigs. By comparing unigenes and the eggNOG database, we found that the microorganisms in the colon of the MF-TG pigs had high fractional abundance in DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 and serine-type D-Ala-D-Ala carboxypeptidase, whereas the aspartate carbamoyltransferase regulatory subunit and outer membrane protein pathways were enriched in the WT pigs. Moreover, the microorganisms in the cecum of the MF-TG pigs were active in GlycosylTransferase Family 8 (GT8), Glycoside Hydrolase Family 13 (GH13), and Glycoside Hydrolase Family 32 (GH32). Furthermore, the levels of numerous carbohydrases, such as glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase, xylan 1,4-beta-xylosidase and exo-1,3-1,4-glucanase, were higher in the cecum of the MF-TG pigs than those of the WT pigs. The results indicated that intestinal microbes can change adaptively to the secretion of transgenic enzymes, thereby forming a benign cooperation with their host. This cooperation could be beneficial for improving feed efficiency. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7971306 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79713062021-03-19 Adaptation of Gut Microbiome to Transgenic Pigs Secreting β-Glucanase, Xylanase, and Phytase Mo, Jianxin Li, Guoling Huang, Guangyan Wang, Haoqiang Shi, Junsong Zhou, Rong Cai, Gengyuan Wu, Zhenfang Zhang, Xianwei Front Genet Genetics We previously generated transgenic pigs with enhanced growth rate and reduced nutrient loss. However, the composition of their gut microbiome is unknown. In this study, we successfully generated EGFP marker-free transgenic (MF-TG) pigs with high expression levels of microbial β-glucanase, xylanase, and phytase in the parotid gland. We collected intestinal contents from the ileum, cecum and colon of five MF-TG and five wild-type (WT) sows and investigated the gut microbiome of the transgenic pigs via metagenomic analysis. Results showed that the levels of probiotics, such as Lactobacillus reuteri and Streptococcus, were more abundant in the cecum of the MF-TG pigs and higher than those of WT pigs. By contrast, the levels of harmful microorganisms, such as Campylobacter, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Campylobacter fetus, and various unidentified viruses, were higher in the cecum of the WT pigs than those of the MF-TG pigs. By comparing unigenes and the eggNOG database, we found that the microorganisms in the colon of the MF-TG pigs had high fractional abundance in DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 and serine-type D-Ala-D-Ala carboxypeptidase, whereas the aspartate carbamoyltransferase regulatory subunit and outer membrane protein pathways were enriched in the WT pigs. Moreover, the microorganisms in the cecum of the MF-TG pigs were active in GlycosylTransferase Family 8 (GT8), Glycoside Hydrolase Family 13 (GH13), and Glycoside Hydrolase Family 32 (GH32). Furthermore, the levels of numerous carbohydrases, such as glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase, xylan 1,4-beta-xylosidase and exo-1,3-1,4-glucanase, were higher in the cecum of the MF-TG pigs than those of the WT pigs. The results indicated that intestinal microbes can change adaptively to the secretion of transgenic enzymes, thereby forming a benign cooperation with their host. This cooperation could be beneficial for improving feed efficiency. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-03-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7971306/ /pubmed/33747047 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.631071 Text en Copyright © 2021 Mo, Li, Huang, Wang, Shi, Zhou, Cai, Wu and Zhang. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Genetics Mo, Jianxin Li, Guoling Huang, Guangyan Wang, Haoqiang Shi, Junsong Zhou, Rong Cai, Gengyuan Wu, Zhenfang Zhang, Xianwei Adaptation of Gut Microbiome to Transgenic Pigs Secreting β-Glucanase, Xylanase, and Phytase |
title | Adaptation of Gut Microbiome to Transgenic Pigs Secreting β-Glucanase, Xylanase, and Phytase |
title_full | Adaptation of Gut Microbiome to Transgenic Pigs Secreting β-Glucanase, Xylanase, and Phytase |
title_fullStr | Adaptation of Gut Microbiome to Transgenic Pigs Secreting β-Glucanase, Xylanase, and Phytase |
title_full_unstemmed | Adaptation of Gut Microbiome to Transgenic Pigs Secreting β-Glucanase, Xylanase, and Phytase |
title_short | Adaptation of Gut Microbiome to Transgenic Pigs Secreting β-Glucanase, Xylanase, and Phytase |
title_sort | adaptation of gut microbiome to transgenic pigs secreting β-glucanase, xylanase, and phytase |
topic | Genetics |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7971306/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33747047 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.631071 |
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