Gewalt in intimen Partnerschaften und psychische Probleme bei Kindern und Jugendlichen: Online-Survey während der COVID-19-Pandemie

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed the lives of families in an unprecedented way. During the first lockdown, extrafamilial contact was significantly reduced. Many parents had to look after their children and work from home while the economic pressure increased. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between intimate partner violence (IPV) and mental health problems in children and adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a cross-sectional online survey 687 parents of underaged children in Germany were included. Demographic and psychosocial predictors for IPV and associations with mental health problems of children before and during the first lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic were assessed. The survey ran from 18 May 2020 to 21 July 2020 and the lockdown in Germany began on 23 March 2020 and ended via a gradual relaxation. The first schools reopened on 22 April and the opening of schools, kindergartens and daycare centers extended to the end of June 2020. RESULTS: Lower household incomes and the experience of own adverse childhood experiences increased the risk of participants reporting violence in their relationship. According to the participating parents, children and adolescents living in families in which violence was reported by intimate partners were more likely to have higher levels of externalizing problems before and during the pandemic. There were no significant differences with respect to emotional problems. CONCLUSION: Adverse childhood experiences increase the risk of intimate partner violence, which in turn increases the risk of mental health problems in the children. Therefore, in the psychotherapeutic practice questions should also be systematically asked about corresponding experiences and appropriate treatment offers should be recommended.