Cargando…
In Situ Study of the Wet Chemical Etching of SiO(2) and Nanoparticle@SiO(2) Core–Shell Nanospheres
[Image: see text] The recent development of liquid cell (scanning) transmission electron microscopy (LC-(S)TEM) has opened the unique possibility of studying the chemical behavior of nanomaterials down to the nanoscale in a liquid environment. Here, we show that the chemically induced etching of thr...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Chemical Society
2021
|
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7976607/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33763630 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.0c02771 |
_version_ | 1783667035650129920 |
---|---|
author | Grau-Carbonell, Albert Sadighikia, Sina Welling, Tom A. J. van Dijk-Moes, Relinde J. A. Kotni, Ramakrishna Bransen, Maarten van Blaaderen, Alfons van Huis, Marijn A. |
author_facet | Grau-Carbonell, Albert Sadighikia, Sina Welling, Tom A. J. van Dijk-Moes, Relinde J. A. Kotni, Ramakrishna Bransen, Maarten van Blaaderen, Alfons van Huis, Marijn A. |
author_sort | Grau-Carbonell, Albert |
collection | PubMed |
description | [Image: see text] The recent development of liquid cell (scanning) transmission electron microscopy (LC-(S)TEM) has opened the unique possibility of studying the chemical behavior of nanomaterials down to the nanoscale in a liquid environment. Here, we show that the chemically induced etching of three different types of silica-based silica nanoparticles can be reliably studied at the single particle level using LC-(S)TEM with a negligible effect of the electron beam, and we demonstrate this method by successfully monitoring the formation of silica-based heterogeneous yolk–shell nanostructures. By scrutinizing the influence of electron beam irradiation, we show that the cumulative electron dose on the imaging area plays a crucial role in the observed damage and needs to be considered during experimental design. Monte-Carlo simulations of the electron trajectories during LC-(S)TEM experiments allowed us to relate the cumulative electron dose to the deposited energy on the particles, which was found to significantly alter the silica network under imaging conditions of nanoparticles. We used these optimized LC-(S)TEM imaging conditions to systematically characterize the wet etching of silica and metal(oxide)–silica core–shell nanoparticles with cores of gold and iron oxide, which are representative of many other core–silica–shell systems. The LC-(S)TEM method reliably reproduced the etching patterns of Stöber, water-in-oil reverse microemulsion (WORM), and amino acid-catalyzed silica particles that were reported before in the literature. Furthermore, we directly visualized the formation of yolk–shell structures from the wet etching of Au@Stöber silica and Fe(3)O(4)@WORM silica core–shell nanospheres. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7976607 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | American Chemical Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79766072021-03-22 In Situ Study of the Wet Chemical Etching of SiO(2) and Nanoparticle@SiO(2) Core–Shell Nanospheres Grau-Carbonell, Albert Sadighikia, Sina Welling, Tom A. J. van Dijk-Moes, Relinde J. A. Kotni, Ramakrishna Bransen, Maarten van Blaaderen, Alfons van Huis, Marijn A. ACS Appl Nano Mater [Image: see text] The recent development of liquid cell (scanning) transmission electron microscopy (LC-(S)TEM) has opened the unique possibility of studying the chemical behavior of nanomaterials down to the nanoscale in a liquid environment. Here, we show that the chemically induced etching of three different types of silica-based silica nanoparticles can be reliably studied at the single particle level using LC-(S)TEM with a negligible effect of the electron beam, and we demonstrate this method by successfully monitoring the formation of silica-based heterogeneous yolk–shell nanostructures. By scrutinizing the influence of electron beam irradiation, we show that the cumulative electron dose on the imaging area plays a crucial role in the observed damage and needs to be considered during experimental design. Monte-Carlo simulations of the electron trajectories during LC-(S)TEM experiments allowed us to relate the cumulative electron dose to the deposited energy on the particles, which was found to significantly alter the silica network under imaging conditions of nanoparticles. We used these optimized LC-(S)TEM imaging conditions to systematically characterize the wet etching of silica and metal(oxide)–silica core–shell nanoparticles with cores of gold and iron oxide, which are representative of many other core–silica–shell systems. The LC-(S)TEM method reliably reproduced the etching patterns of Stöber, water-in-oil reverse microemulsion (WORM), and amino acid-catalyzed silica particles that were reported before in the literature. Furthermore, we directly visualized the formation of yolk–shell structures from the wet etching of Au@Stöber silica and Fe(3)O(4)@WORM silica core–shell nanospheres. American Chemical Society 2021-01-05 2021-02-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7976607/ /pubmed/33763630 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.0c02771 Text en © 2021 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society This is an open access article published under a Creative Commons Non-Commercial No Derivative Works (CC-BY-NC-ND) Attribution License (http://pubs.acs.org/page/policy/authorchoice_ccbyncnd_termsofuse.html) , which permits copying and redistribution of the article, and creation of adaptations, all for non-commercial purposes. |
spellingShingle | Grau-Carbonell, Albert Sadighikia, Sina Welling, Tom A. J. van Dijk-Moes, Relinde J. A. Kotni, Ramakrishna Bransen, Maarten van Blaaderen, Alfons van Huis, Marijn A. In Situ Study of the Wet Chemical Etching of SiO(2) and Nanoparticle@SiO(2) Core–Shell Nanospheres |
title | In Situ Study of the Wet Chemical
Etching of SiO(2) and Nanoparticle@SiO(2) Core–Shell
Nanospheres |
title_full | In Situ Study of the Wet Chemical
Etching of SiO(2) and Nanoparticle@SiO(2) Core–Shell
Nanospheres |
title_fullStr | In Situ Study of the Wet Chemical
Etching of SiO(2) and Nanoparticle@SiO(2) Core–Shell
Nanospheres |
title_full_unstemmed | In Situ Study of the Wet Chemical
Etching of SiO(2) and Nanoparticle@SiO(2) Core–Shell
Nanospheres |
title_short | In Situ Study of the Wet Chemical
Etching of SiO(2) and Nanoparticle@SiO(2) Core–Shell
Nanospheres |
title_sort | in situ study of the wet chemical
etching of sio(2) and nanoparticle@sio(2) core–shell
nanospheres |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7976607/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33763630 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.0c02771 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT graucarbonellalbert insitustudyofthewetchemicaletchingofsio2andnanoparticlesio2coreshellnanospheres AT sadighikiasina insitustudyofthewetchemicaletchingofsio2andnanoparticlesio2coreshellnanospheres AT wellingtomaj insitustudyofthewetchemicaletchingofsio2andnanoparticlesio2coreshellnanospheres AT vandijkmoesrelindeja insitustudyofthewetchemicaletchingofsio2andnanoparticlesio2coreshellnanospheres AT kotniramakrishna insitustudyofthewetchemicaletchingofsio2andnanoparticlesio2coreshellnanospheres AT bransenmaarten insitustudyofthewetchemicaletchingofsio2andnanoparticlesio2coreshellnanospheres AT vanblaaderenalfons insitustudyofthewetchemicaletchingofsio2andnanoparticlesio2coreshellnanospheres AT vanhuismarijna insitustudyofthewetchemicaletchingofsio2andnanoparticlesio2coreshellnanospheres |