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Early fMRI responses to somatosensory and optogenetic stimulation reflect neural information flow
Blood oxygenation level–dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been widely used to localize brain functions. To further advance understanding of brain functions, it is critical to understand the direction of information flow, such as thalamocortical versus corticothalamic...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
National Academy of Sciences
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7980397/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33836602 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023265118 |
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author | Jung, Won Beom Im, Geun Ho Jiang, Haiyan Kim, Seong-Gi |
author_facet | Jung, Won Beom Im, Geun Ho Jiang, Haiyan Kim, Seong-Gi |
author_sort | Jung, Won Beom |
collection | PubMed |
description | Blood oxygenation level–dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been widely used to localize brain functions. To further advance understanding of brain functions, it is critical to understand the direction of information flow, such as thalamocortical versus corticothalamic projections. For this work, we performed ultrahigh spatiotemporal resolution fMRI at 15.2 T of the mouse somatosensory network during forepaw somatosensory stimulation and optogenetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex (M1). Somatosensory stimulation induced the earliest BOLD response in the ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL), followed by the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and then M1 and posterior thalamic nucleus. Optogenetic stimulation of excitatory neurons in M1 induced the earliest BOLD response in M1, followed by S1 and then VPL. Within S1, the middle cortical layers responded to somatosensory stimulation earlier than the upper or lower layers, whereas the upper cortical layers responded earlier than the other two layers to optogenetic stimulation in M1. The order of early BOLD responses was consistent with the canonical understanding of somatosensory network connections and cannot be explained by regional variabilities in the hemodynamic response functions measured using hypercapnic stimulation. Our data demonstrate that early BOLD responses reflect the information flow in the mouse somatosensory network, suggesting that high-field fMRI can be used for systems-level network analyses. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7980397 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79803972021-03-26 Early fMRI responses to somatosensory and optogenetic stimulation reflect neural information flow Jung, Won Beom Im, Geun Ho Jiang, Haiyan Kim, Seong-Gi Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Biological Sciences Blood oxygenation level–dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been widely used to localize brain functions. To further advance understanding of brain functions, it is critical to understand the direction of information flow, such as thalamocortical versus corticothalamic projections. For this work, we performed ultrahigh spatiotemporal resolution fMRI at 15.2 T of the mouse somatosensory network during forepaw somatosensory stimulation and optogenetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex (M1). Somatosensory stimulation induced the earliest BOLD response in the ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL), followed by the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and then M1 and posterior thalamic nucleus. Optogenetic stimulation of excitatory neurons in M1 induced the earliest BOLD response in M1, followed by S1 and then VPL. Within S1, the middle cortical layers responded to somatosensory stimulation earlier than the upper or lower layers, whereas the upper cortical layers responded earlier than the other two layers to optogenetic stimulation in M1. The order of early BOLD responses was consistent with the canonical understanding of somatosensory network connections and cannot be explained by regional variabilities in the hemodynamic response functions measured using hypercapnic stimulation. Our data demonstrate that early BOLD responses reflect the information flow in the mouse somatosensory network, suggesting that high-field fMRI can be used for systems-level network analyses. National Academy of Sciences 2021-03-16 2021-03-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7980397/ /pubmed/33836602 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023265118 Text en Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Biological Sciences Jung, Won Beom Im, Geun Ho Jiang, Haiyan Kim, Seong-Gi Early fMRI responses to somatosensory and optogenetic stimulation reflect neural information flow |
title | Early fMRI responses to somatosensory and optogenetic stimulation reflect neural information flow |
title_full | Early fMRI responses to somatosensory and optogenetic stimulation reflect neural information flow |
title_fullStr | Early fMRI responses to somatosensory and optogenetic stimulation reflect neural information flow |
title_full_unstemmed | Early fMRI responses to somatosensory and optogenetic stimulation reflect neural information flow |
title_short | Early fMRI responses to somatosensory and optogenetic stimulation reflect neural information flow |
title_sort | early fmri responses to somatosensory and optogenetic stimulation reflect neural information flow |
topic | Biological Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7980397/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33836602 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023265118 |
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