The translabyrinthine approach in residency training. “Step by step” surgical anatomy from the dissection laboratory to the operative room

Surgical anatomy training in a dedicated research laboratory and attendance to focused “hands-on” dissection courses are of high educational importance in order to acquire and maintain surgical expertise in skull base surgery, both for young and more experienced surgeons. Nevertheless, transitioning surgical skills and anatomic knowledge from the laboratory to the operative room it is not free of challenges, especially during skull base approaches where the three-dimensional surgical orientation can be quite complex. We present a “step-by-step” and “side-by-side” surgical anatomy report on a translabyrinthine approach that was practiced in the laboratory then performed in the operative room by the surgical team, and we compare surgical anatomy exposures while discussing intraoperative techniques, nuances and challenges, both in the laboratory and the operative room.