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The Use of Digitally Assessed Stress Levels to Model Change Processes in CBT - A Feasibility Study on Seven Case Examples

In psychotherapy research, the measurement of treatment processes and outcome are predominantly based on self-reports. However, given new technological developments, other potential sources can be considered to improve measurements. In a feasibility study, we examined whether Ecological Momentary As...

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Autores principales: Hehlmann, Miriam I., Schwartz, Brian, Lutz, Teresa, Gómez Penedo, Juan Martín, Rubel, Julian A., Lutz, Wolfgang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7985334/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33767638
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.613085
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author Hehlmann, Miriam I.
Schwartz, Brian
Lutz, Teresa
Gómez Penedo, Juan Martín
Rubel, Julian A.
Lutz, Wolfgang
author_facet Hehlmann, Miriam I.
Schwartz, Brian
Lutz, Teresa
Gómez Penedo, Juan Martín
Rubel, Julian A.
Lutz, Wolfgang
author_sort Hehlmann, Miriam I.
collection PubMed
description In psychotherapy research, the measurement of treatment processes and outcome are predominantly based on self-reports. However, given new technological developments, other potential sources can be considered to improve measurements. In a feasibility study, we examined whether Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMA) using digital phenotyping (stress level) can be a valuable tool to investigate change processes during cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Seven outpatients undergoing psychological treatment were assessed using EMA. Continuous stress levels (heart rate variability) were assessed via fitness trackers (Garmin) every 3 min over a 2-week time period (6,720 measurements per patient). Time-varying change point autoregressive (TVCP-AR) models were employed to detect both gradual and abrupt changes in stress levels. Results for seven case examples indicate differential patterns of change processes in stress. More precisely, inertia of stress level changed gradually over time in one of the participants, whereas the other participants showed both gradual and abrupt changes. This feasibility study demonstrates that intensive longitudinal assessments enriched by digitally assessed stress levels have the potential to investigate intra- and interindividual differences in treatment change processes and their relations to treatment outcome. Further, implementation issues and implications for future research and developments using digital phenotyping are discussed.
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spelling pubmed-79853342021-03-24 The Use of Digitally Assessed Stress Levels to Model Change Processes in CBT - A Feasibility Study on Seven Case Examples Hehlmann, Miriam I. Schwartz, Brian Lutz, Teresa Gómez Penedo, Juan Martín Rubel, Julian A. Lutz, Wolfgang Front Psychiatry Psychiatry In psychotherapy research, the measurement of treatment processes and outcome are predominantly based on self-reports. However, given new technological developments, other potential sources can be considered to improve measurements. In a feasibility study, we examined whether Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMA) using digital phenotyping (stress level) can be a valuable tool to investigate change processes during cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Seven outpatients undergoing psychological treatment were assessed using EMA. Continuous stress levels (heart rate variability) were assessed via fitness trackers (Garmin) every 3 min over a 2-week time period (6,720 measurements per patient). Time-varying change point autoregressive (TVCP-AR) models were employed to detect both gradual and abrupt changes in stress levels. Results for seven case examples indicate differential patterns of change processes in stress. More precisely, inertia of stress level changed gradually over time in one of the participants, whereas the other participants showed both gradual and abrupt changes. This feasibility study demonstrates that intensive longitudinal assessments enriched by digitally assessed stress levels have the potential to investigate intra- and interindividual differences in treatment change processes and their relations to treatment outcome. Further, implementation issues and implications for future research and developments using digital phenotyping are discussed. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-03-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7985334/ /pubmed/33767638 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.613085 Text en Copyright © 2021 Hehlmann, Schwartz, Lutz, Gómez Penedo, Rubel and Lutz. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
Hehlmann, Miriam I.
Schwartz, Brian
Lutz, Teresa
Gómez Penedo, Juan Martín
Rubel, Julian A.
Lutz, Wolfgang
The Use of Digitally Assessed Stress Levels to Model Change Processes in CBT - A Feasibility Study on Seven Case Examples
title The Use of Digitally Assessed Stress Levels to Model Change Processes in CBT - A Feasibility Study on Seven Case Examples
title_full The Use of Digitally Assessed Stress Levels to Model Change Processes in CBT - A Feasibility Study on Seven Case Examples
title_fullStr The Use of Digitally Assessed Stress Levels to Model Change Processes in CBT - A Feasibility Study on Seven Case Examples
title_full_unstemmed The Use of Digitally Assessed Stress Levels to Model Change Processes in CBT - A Feasibility Study on Seven Case Examples
title_short The Use of Digitally Assessed Stress Levels to Model Change Processes in CBT - A Feasibility Study on Seven Case Examples
title_sort use of digitally assessed stress levels to model change processes in cbt - a feasibility study on seven case examples
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7985334/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33767638
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.613085
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