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Melatonin may decrease risk for and aid treatment of COVID-19 and other RNA viral infections

A recent retrospective study has provided evidence that COVID-19 infection may be notably less common in those using supplemental melatonin. It is suggested that this phenomenon may reflect the fact that, via induction of silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1), melatonin can upregulate K63 polyubiqu...

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Autores principales: DiNicolantonio, James J, McCarty, Mark, Barroso-Aranda, Jorge
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7985934/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33741691
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2020-001568
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author DiNicolantonio, James J
McCarty, Mark
Barroso-Aranda, Jorge
author_facet DiNicolantonio, James J
McCarty, Mark
Barroso-Aranda, Jorge
author_sort DiNicolantonio, James J
collection PubMed
description A recent retrospective study has provided evidence that COVID-19 infection may be notably less common in those using supplemental melatonin. It is suggested that this phenomenon may reflect the fact that, via induction of silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1), melatonin can upregulate K63 polyubiquitination of the mitochondrial antiviral-signalling protein, thereby boosting virally mediated induction of type 1 interferons. Moreover, Sirt1 may enhance the antiviral efficacy of type 1 interferons by preventing hyperacetylation of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), enabling its retention in the nucleus, where it promotes transcription of interferon-inducible genes. This nuclear retention of HMGB1 may also be a mediator of the anti-inflammatory effect of melatonin therapy in COVID-19—complementing melatonin’s suppression of nuclear factor kappa B activity and upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2. If these speculations are correct, a nutraceutical regimen including vitamin D, zinc and melatonin supplementation may have general utility for the prevention and treatment of RNA virus infections, such as COVID-19 and influenza.
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spelling pubmed-79859342021-03-23 Melatonin may decrease risk for and aid treatment of COVID-19 and other RNA viral infections DiNicolantonio, James J McCarty, Mark Barroso-Aranda, Jorge Open Heart Editorial A recent retrospective study has provided evidence that COVID-19 infection may be notably less common in those using supplemental melatonin. It is suggested that this phenomenon may reflect the fact that, via induction of silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1), melatonin can upregulate K63 polyubiquitination of the mitochondrial antiviral-signalling protein, thereby boosting virally mediated induction of type 1 interferons. Moreover, Sirt1 may enhance the antiviral efficacy of type 1 interferons by preventing hyperacetylation of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), enabling its retention in the nucleus, where it promotes transcription of interferon-inducible genes. This nuclear retention of HMGB1 may also be a mediator of the anti-inflammatory effect of melatonin therapy in COVID-19—complementing melatonin’s suppression of nuclear factor kappa B activity and upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2. If these speculations are correct, a nutraceutical regimen including vitamin D, zinc and melatonin supplementation may have general utility for the prevention and treatment of RNA virus infections, such as COVID-19 and influenza. BMJ Publishing Group 2021-03-19 /pmc/articles/PMC7985934/ /pubmed/33741691 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2020-001568 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
spellingShingle Editorial
DiNicolantonio, James J
McCarty, Mark
Barroso-Aranda, Jorge
Melatonin may decrease risk for and aid treatment of COVID-19 and other RNA viral infections
title Melatonin may decrease risk for and aid treatment of COVID-19 and other RNA viral infections
title_full Melatonin may decrease risk for and aid treatment of COVID-19 and other RNA viral infections
title_fullStr Melatonin may decrease risk for and aid treatment of COVID-19 and other RNA viral infections
title_full_unstemmed Melatonin may decrease risk for and aid treatment of COVID-19 and other RNA viral infections
title_short Melatonin may decrease risk for and aid treatment of COVID-19 and other RNA viral infections
title_sort melatonin may decrease risk for and aid treatment of covid-19 and other rna viral infections
topic Editorial
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7985934/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33741691
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2020-001568
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