Atosiban Combined with Ritodrine for Late Threatened Abortion or Threatened Premature Labor Patients with No Response to Ritodrine: A Clinical Trial

BACKGROUND: Premature labor is an important cause of infant death and long-term disability. This study aimed to explore the safety and effectiveness of combining the tocolytic agents atosiban and ritodrine to extend gestation. MATERIAL/METHODS: The study included 52 patients with late threatened abortion and threatened premature labor between 20(0/7) and 33(6/7) weeks’ gestation who were administrated continuous tocolytic agents for 48 h. Patients were divided into a research group receiving ritodrine combined with atosiban, owing to having no response to ritodrine alone (n=30), and a control group receiving ritodrine alone (n=22). The mean infusion rate and duration of tocolytic administration, gestation extension, pregnancy outcomes, and adverse effects were recorded. Routine blood tests, including C-reactive protein, and cultures for leukorrhea, candida, and mycoplasma were performed before and 1 week after treatment. RESULTS: Patients receiving ritodrine with atosiban had a mean gestation extension of 42.53±31.70 days. The extension of gestation of the research group was statistically shorter than that of the control group (P<0.05). The fetal loss rate, newborn birth weight, and Apgar score at 1 min were similar between the 2 groups (all, P>0.05). The research group had a lower incidence of palpitations than the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: For patients with late threatened abortion or threatened premature labor not controlled with ritodrine alone, ritodrine combined with atosiban extends gestation and improves pregnancy outcomes. For patients with abnormal uterine contractions, routine testing for reproductive tract infection should be performed. When infection is present, anti-infective therapy should be administered.