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Interferons: Tug of War Between Bacteria and Their Host
Type I and III interferons (IFNs) are archetypally antiviral cytokines that are induced in response to recognition of foreign material by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Though their roles in anti-viral immunity are well established, recent evidence suggests that they are also crucial mediator...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7988231/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33777837 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.624094 |
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author | Alphonse, Noémie Dickenson, Ruth E. Odendall, Charlotte |
author_facet | Alphonse, Noémie Dickenson, Ruth E. Odendall, Charlotte |
author_sort | Alphonse, Noémie |
collection | PubMed |
description | Type I and III interferons (IFNs) are archetypally antiviral cytokines that are induced in response to recognition of foreign material by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Though their roles in anti-viral immunity are well established, recent evidence suggests that they are also crucial mediators of inflammatory processes during bacterial infections. Type I and III IFNs restrict bacterial infection in vitro and in some in vivo contexts. IFNs mainly function through the induction of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). These include PRRs and regulators of antimicrobial signaling pathways. Other ISGs directly restrict bacterial invasion or multiplication within host cells. As they regulate a diverse range of anti-bacterial host responses, IFNs are an attractive virulence target for bacterial pathogens. This review will discuss the current understanding of the bacterial effectors that manipulate the different stages of the host IFN response: IFN induction, downstream signaling pathways, and target ISGs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7988231 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79882312021-03-25 Interferons: Tug of War Between Bacteria and Their Host Alphonse, Noémie Dickenson, Ruth E. Odendall, Charlotte Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology Type I and III interferons (IFNs) are archetypally antiviral cytokines that are induced in response to recognition of foreign material by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Though their roles in anti-viral immunity are well established, recent evidence suggests that they are also crucial mediators of inflammatory processes during bacterial infections. Type I and III IFNs restrict bacterial infection in vitro and in some in vivo contexts. IFNs mainly function through the induction of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). These include PRRs and regulators of antimicrobial signaling pathways. Other ISGs directly restrict bacterial invasion or multiplication within host cells. As they regulate a diverse range of anti-bacterial host responses, IFNs are an attractive virulence target for bacterial pathogens. This review will discuss the current understanding of the bacterial effectors that manipulate the different stages of the host IFN response: IFN induction, downstream signaling pathways, and target ISGs. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-03-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7988231/ /pubmed/33777837 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.624094 Text en Copyright © 2021 Alphonse, Dickenson and Odendall https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Cellular and Infection Microbiology Alphonse, Noémie Dickenson, Ruth E. Odendall, Charlotte Interferons: Tug of War Between Bacteria and Their Host |
title | Interferons: Tug of War Between Bacteria and Their Host |
title_full | Interferons: Tug of War Between Bacteria and Their Host |
title_fullStr | Interferons: Tug of War Between Bacteria and Their Host |
title_full_unstemmed | Interferons: Tug of War Between Bacteria and Their Host |
title_short | Interferons: Tug of War Between Bacteria and Their Host |
title_sort | interferons: tug of war between bacteria and their host |
topic | Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7988231/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33777837 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.624094 |
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