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Variation in hyphal production rather than turnover regulates standing fungal biomass in temperate hardwood forests
Soil fungi link above‐ and belowground carbon (C) fluxes through their interactions with plants and contribute to C and nutrient dynamics through the production, turnover, and activity of fungal hyphae. Despite their importance to ecosystem processes, estimates of hyphal production and turnover rate...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7988550/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33226630 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3260 |
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author | Cheeke, Tanya E. Phillips, Richard P. Kuhn, Alexander Rosling, Anna Fransson, Petra |
author_facet | Cheeke, Tanya E. Phillips, Richard P. Kuhn, Alexander Rosling, Anna Fransson, Petra |
author_sort | Cheeke, Tanya E. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Soil fungi link above‐ and belowground carbon (C) fluxes through their interactions with plants and contribute to C and nutrient dynamics through the production, turnover, and activity of fungal hyphae. Despite their importance to ecosystem processes, estimates of hyphal production and turnover rates are relatively uncommon, especially in temperate hardwood forests. We sequentially harvested hyphal ingrowth bags to quantify the rates of Dikarya (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) hyphal production and turnover in three hardwood forests in the Midwestern United States, where plots differed in their abundance of arbuscular (AM)‐ vs. ectomycorrhizal (ECM)‐associated trees. Hyphal production rates increased linearly with the percentage of ECM trees and annual production rates were 66% higher in ECM‐ than AM‐dominated plots. Hyphal turnover rates did not differ across the mycorrhizal gradient (plots varying in their abundance of AM vs. ECM trees), suggesting that the greater fungal biomass in ECM‐dominated plots relates to greater fungal production rather than slower fungal turnover. Differences in hyphal production across the gradient aligned with distinctly different fungal communities and activities. As ECM trees increased in dominance, fungi inside ingrowth bags produced more extracellular enzymes involved in degrading nitrogen (N)‐bearing relative to C‐bearing compounds, suggesting greater fungal (and possibly plant) N demand in ECM‐dominated soils. Collectively, our results demonstrate that shifts in temperate tree species composition that result in changes in the dominant type of mycorrhizal association may have strong impacts on Dikarya hyphal production, fungal community composition and extracellular enzyme activity, with important consequences for soil C and N cycling. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7988550 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79885502021-03-25 Variation in hyphal production rather than turnover regulates standing fungal biomass in temperate hardwood forests Cheeke, Tanya E. Phillips, Richard P. Kuhn, Alexander Rosling, Anna Fransson, Petra Ecology Articles Soil fungi link above‐ and belowground carbon (C) fluxes through their interactions with plants and contribute to C and nutrient dynamics through the production, turnover, and activity of fungal hyphae. Despite their importance to ecosystem processes, estimates of hyphal production and turnover rates are relatively uncommon, especially in temperate hardwood forests. We sequentially harvested hyphal ingrowth bags to quantify the rates of Dikarya (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) hyphal production and turnover in three hardwood forests in the Midwestern United States, where plots differed in their abundance of arbuscular (AM)‐ vs. ectomycorrhizal (ECM)‐associated trees. Hyphal production rates increased linearly with the percentage of ECM trees and annual production rates were 66% higher in ECM‐ than AM‐dominated plots. Hyphal turnover rates did not differ across the mycorrhizal gradient (plots varying in their abundance of AM vs. ECM trees), suggesting that the greater fungal biomass in ECM‐dominated plots relates to greater fungal production rather than slower fungal turnover. Differences in hyphal production across the gradient aligned with distinctly different fungal communities and activities. As ECM trees increased in dominance, fungi inside ingrowth bags produced more extracellular enzymes involved in degrading nitrogen (N)‐bearing relative to C‐bearing compounds, suggesting greater fungal (and possibly plant) N demand in ECM‐dominated soils. Collectively, our results demonstrate that shifts in temperate tree species composition that result in changes in the dominant type of mycorrhizal association may have strong impacts on Dikarya hyphal production, fungal community composition and extracellular enzyme activity, with important consequences for soil C and N cycling. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021-02-01 2021-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7988550/ /pubmed/33226630 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3260 Text en © 2020 The Authors. Ecology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Ecological Society of America This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. |
spellingShingle | Articles Cheeke, Tanya E. Phillips, Richard P. Kuhn, Alexander Rosling, Anna Fransson, Petra Variation in hyphal production rather than turnover regulates standing fungal biomass in temperate hardwood forests |
title | Variation in hyphal production rather than turnover regulates standing fungal biomass in temperate hardwood forests |
title_full | Variation in hyphal production rather than turnover regulates standing fungal biomass in temperate hardwood forests |
title_fullStr | Variation in hyphal production rather than turnover regulates standing fungal biomass in temperate hardwood forests |
title_full_unstemmed | Variation in hyphal production rather than turnover regulates standing fungal biomass in temperate hardwood forests |
title_short | Variation in hyphal production rather than turnover regulates standing fungal biomass in temperate hardwood forests |
title_sort | variation in hyphal production rather than turnover regulates standing fungal biomass in temperate hardwood forests |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7988550/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33226630 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3260 |
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