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A pilot study towards the immunological effects of omalizumab treatment used to facilitate oral immunotherapy in peanut‐allergic adolescents

Anti‐IgE treatments, such as omalizumab, have shown promising effects in allergy treatment. Our previous work has shown that individualized omalizumab treatment (OT) allows a safe initiation and rapid up‐dosing of peanut oral immunotherapy (OIT) in peanut‐allergic adolescents. However, the broader i...

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Autores principales: van der Heiden, Marieke, Nopp, Anna, Brandström, Josef, Carvalho‐Queiroz, Claudia, Nilsson, Caroline, Sverremark‐Ekström, Eva
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7988572/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33244763
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sji.13005
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author van der Heiden, Marieke
Nopp, Anna
Brandström, Josef
Carvalho‐Queiroz, Claudia
Nilsson, Caroline
Sverremark‐Ekström, Eva
author_facet van der Heiden, Marieke
Nopp, Anna
Brandström, Josef
Carvalho‐Queiroz, Claudia
Nilsson, Caroline
Sverremark‐Ekström, Eva
author_sort van der Heiden, Marieke
collection PubMed
description Anti‐IgE treatments, such as omalizumab, have shown promising effects in allergy treatment. Our previous work has shown that individualized omalizumab treatment (OT) allows a safe initiation and rapid up‐dosing of peanut oral immunotherapy (OIT) in peanut‐allergic adolescents. However, the broader immunological effects of this OT are incompletely understood. In this pilot study, we longitudinally followed the total B‐ and T‐cell immunity during OT, using flow cytometry, ELISpot and ELISA. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma were collected from participants (n = 17) at several timepoints during treatment, before starting OT (baseline), prior to starting OIT during OT (start OIT) and at maintenance dose OIT prior to OT reduction (maintenance). OT did not affect the total B‐cell compartment over treatment time, but our results suggest an association between the OT dosage scheme and the B‐cell compartment. Further, in vitro polyclonal T‐cell activation at the different timepoints suggests a cytokine skewing towards the Th1 phenotype at the expense of Th2‐ and Th9‐related cytokines during treatment. No differences in the frequencies or phenotype of regulatory T cells (Tregs) over treatment time were observed. Finally, plasma chemokine levels were stable over treatment time, but suggest elevated gut homing immune responses in treatment successes during the treatment as compared to treatment failures. The novel and explorative results of this pilot study help to improve our understanding on the immunological effects of OT used to facilitate OIT and provide guidance for future immunological investigation in large clinical trials.
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spelling pubmed-79885722021-03-25 A pilot study towards the immunological effects of omalizumab treatment used to facilitate oral immunotherapy in peanut‐allergic adolescents van der Heiden, Marieke Nopp, Anna Brandström, Josef Carvalho‐Queiroz, Claudia Nilsson, Caroline Sverremark‐Ekström, Eva Scand J Immunol Human Immunology Anti‐IgE treatments, such as omalizumab, have shown promising effects in allergy treatment. Our previous work has shown that individualized omalizumab treatment (OT) allows a safe initiation and rapid up‐dosing of peanut oral immunotherapy (OIT) in peanut‐allergic adolescents. However, the broader immunological effects of this OT are incompletely understood. In this pilot study, we longitudinally followed the total B‐ and T‐cell immunity during OT, using flow cytometry, ELISpot and ELISA. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma were collected from participants (n = 17) at several timepoints during treatment, before starting OT (baseline), prior to starting OIT during OT (start OIT) and at maintenance dose OIT prior to OT reduction (maintenance). OT did not affect the total B‐cell compartment over treatment time, but our results suggest an association between the OT dosage scheme and the B‐cell compartment. Further, in vitro polyclonal T‐cell activation at the different timepoints suggests a cytokine skewing towards the Th1 phenotype at the expense of Th2‐ and Th9‐related cytokines during treatment. No differences in the frequencies or phenotype of regulatory T cells (Tregs) over treatment time were observed. Finally, plasma chemokine levels were stable over treatment time, but suggest elevated gut homing immune responses in treatment successes during the treatment as compared to treatment failures. The novel and explorative results of this pilot study help to improve our understanding on the immunological effects of OT used to facilitate OIT and provide guidance for future immunological investigation in large clinical trials. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-12-15 2021-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7988572/ /pubmed/33244763 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sji.13005 Text en © 2020 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Scandinavian Foundation for Immunology This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
spellingShingle Human Immunology
van der Heiden, Marieke
Nopp, Anna
Brandström, Josef
Carvalho‐Queiroz, Claudia
Nilsson, Caroline
Sverremark‐Ekström, Eva
A pilot study towards the immunological effects of omalizumab treatment used to facilitate oral immunotherapy in peanut‐allergic adolescents
title A pilot study towards the immunological effects of omalizumab treatment used to facilitate oral immunotherapy in peanut‐allergic adolescents
title_full A pilot study towards the immunological effects of omalizumab treatment used to facilitate oral immunotherapy in peanut‐allergic adolescents
title_fullStr A pilot study towards the immunological effects of omalizumab treatment used to facilitate oral immunotherapy in peanut‐allergic adolescents
title_full_unstemmed A pilot study towards the immunological effects of omalizumab treatment used to facilitate oral immunotherapy in peanut‐allergic adolescents
title_short A pilot study towards the immunological effects of omalizumab treatment used to facilitate oral immunotherapy in peanut‐allergic adolescents
title_sort pilot study towards the immunological effects of omalizumab treatment used to facilitate oral immunotherapy in peanut‐allergic adolescents
topic Human Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7988572/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33244763
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sji.13005
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