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A highly mutable GST is essential for bract colouration in Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. Ex Klotsch
BACKGROUND: Mutation breeding is an extraordinary tool in plant breeding to increase the genetic variability, where mutations in anthocyanin biosynthesis are targets to generate distinctive phenotypes in ornamental species. In poinsettia, ionizing radiation is routinely applied in breeding programs...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7988969/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33757424 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-021-07527-z |
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author | Vilperte, Vinicius Boehm, Robert Debener, Thomas |
author_facet | Vilperte, Vinicius Boehm, Robert Debener, Thomas |
author_sort | Vilperte, Vinicius |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Mutation breeding is an extraordinary tool in plant breeding to increase the genetic variability, where mutations in anthocyanin biosynthesis are targets to generate distinctive phenotypes in ornamental species. In poinsettia, ionizing radiation is routinely applied in breeding programs to obtaining a range of colours, with nearly all pink and white varieties being obtained after γ- or X-ray mutagenesis of red varieties. In the present study we performed a thorough characterization of a potential mutagenesis target gene as the main responsible for the ‘white paradox’ in poinsettia. RESULTS: We identified a GST gene in poinsettia (Bract1) as an essential factor for the expression of anthocyanin-based red colouration of bracts, which presents a high phylogenetic similarity to known anthocyanin-related GSTs. Red poinsettia varieties and white mutants generated from these varieties by X-ray were analysed for polymorphisms related to the ‘white paradox’ in the species. A 4 bp mutation in a short repeat within the coding region of Bract1 is most likely responsible for the appearance of white phenotypes upon irradiation treatment. The polymorphism between wild-type and mutant alleles co-segregates with the phenotype in progeny from heterozygous red and white parents. Moreover, overexpression of Bract1 wild-type allele in Arabidopsis tt19 mutants restored the anthocyanin phenotype, while the Bract1 mutated allele showed to be non-functional. CONCLUSIONS: The identified repeat seems to be highly unstable, since mutated plants can be easily detected among fewer than 200 shoots derived from 10 mutated plants. Our data indicate that particular short repeat sequences, similar to microsatellite sequences or so-called dynamic mutations, might be hot spots for genetic variability. Moreover, the identification of the Bract1 mutation fills a gap on the understanding on the molecular mechanism of colour formation in poinsettia. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07527-z. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7988969 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79889692021-03-25 A highly mutable GST is essential for bract colouration in Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. Ex Klotsch Vilperte, Vinicius Boehm, Robert Debener, Thomas BMC Genomics Research Article BACKGROUND: Mutation breeding is an extraordinary tool in plant breeding to increase the genetic variability, where mutations in anthocyanin biosynthesis are targets to generate distinctive phenotypes in ornamental species. In poinsettia, ionizing radiation is routinely applied in breeding programs to obtaining a range of colours, with nearly all pink and white varieties being obtained after γ- or X-ray mutagenesis of red varieties. In the present study we performed a thorough characterization of a potential mutagenesis target gene as the main responsible for the ‘white paradox’ in poinsettia. RESULTS: We identified a GST gene in poinsettia (Bract1) as an essential factor for the expression of anthocyanin-based red colouration of bracts, which presents a high phylogenetic similarity to known anthocyanin-related GSTs. Red poinsettia varieties and white mutants generated from these varieties by X-ray were analysed for polymorphisms related to the ‘white paradox’ in the species. A 4 bp mutation in a short repeat within the coding region of Bract1 is most likely responsible for the appearance of white phenotypes upon irradiation treatment. The polymorphism between wild-type and mutant alleles co-segregates with the phenotype in progeny from heterozygous red and white parents. Moreover, overexpression of Bract1 wild-type allele in Arabidopsis tt19 mutants restored the anthocyanin phenotype, while the Bract1 mutated allele showed to be non-functional. CONCLUSIONS: The identified repeat seems to be highly unstable, since mutated plants can be easily detected among fewer than 200 shoots derived from 10 mutated plants. Our data indicate that particular short repeat sequences, similar to microsatellite sequences or so-called dynamic mutations, might be hot spots for genetic variability. Moreover, the identification of the Bract1 mutation fills a gap on the understanding on the molecular mechanism of colour formation in poinsettia. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07527-z. BioMed Central 2021-03-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7988969/ /pubmed/33757424 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-021-07527-z Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Vilperte, Vinicius Boehm, Robert Debener, Thomas A highly mutable GST is essential for bract colouration in Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. Ex Klotsch |
title | A highly mutable GST is essential for bract colouration in Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. Ex Klotsch |
title_full | A highly mutable GST is essential for bract colouration in Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. Ex Klotsch |
title_fullStr | A highly mutable GST is essential for bract colouration in Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. Ex Klotsch |
title_full_unstemmed | A highly mutable GST is essential for bract colouration in Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. Ex Klotsch |
title_short | A highly mutable GST is essential for bract colouration in Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. Ex Klotsch |
title_sort | highly mutable gst is essential for bract colouration in euphorbia pulcherrima willd. ex klotsch |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7988969/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33757424 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-021-07527-z |
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