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T Cell Activation, Highly Armed Cytotoxic Cells and a Shift in Monocytes CD300 Receptors Expression Is Characteristic of Patients With Severe COVID-19
COVID-19 manifests with a wide diversity of clinical phenotypes characterized by dysfunctional and exaggerated host immune responses. Many results have been described on the status of the immune system of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, but there are still aspects that have not been fully charact...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7991729/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33777054 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.655934 |
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author | Zenarruzabeitia, Olatz Astarloa-Pando, Gabirel Terrén, Iñigo Orrantia, Ane Pérez-Garay, Raquel Seijas-Betolaza, Iratxe Nieto-Arana, Javier Imaz-Ayo, Natale Pérez-Fernández, Silvia Arana-Arri, Eunate Borrego, Francisco |
author_facet | Zenarruzabeitia, Olatz Astarloa-Pando, Gabirel Terrén, Iñigo Orrantia, Ane Pérez-Garay, Raquel Seijas-Betolaza, Iratxe Nieto-Arana, Javier Imaz-Ayo, Natale Pérez-Fernández, Silvia Arana-Arri, Eunate Borrego, Francisco |
author_sort | Zenarruzabeitia, Olatz |
collection | PubMed |
description | COVID-19 manifests with a wide diversity of clinical phenotypes characterized by dysfunctional and exaggerated host immune responses. Many results have been described on the status of the immune system of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, but there are still aspects that have not been fully characterized or understood. In this study, we have analyzed a cohort of patients with mild, moderate and severe disease. We performed flow cytometric studies and correlated the data with the clinical characteristics and clinical laboratory values of the patients. Both conventional and unsupervised data analyses concluded that patients with severe disease are characterized, among others, by a higher state of activation in all T cell subsets (CD4, CD8, double negative and T follicular helper cells), higher expression of perforin and granzyme B in cytotoxic cells, expansion of adaptive NK cells and the accumulation of activated and immature dysfunctional monocytes which are identified by a low expression of HLA-DR and an intriguing shift in the expression pattern of CD300 receptors. More importantly, correlation analysis showed a strong association between the alterations in the immune cells and the clinical signs of severity. These results indicate that patients with severe COVID-19 have a broad perturbation of their immune system, and they will help to understand the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7991729 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79917292021-03-26 T Cell Activation, Highly Armed Cytotoxic Cells and a Shift in Monocytes CD300 Receptors Expression Is Characteristic of Patients With Severe COVID-19 Zenarruzabeitia, Olatz Astarloa-Pando, Gabirel Terrén, Iñigo Orrantia, Ane Pérez-Garay, Raquel Seijas-Betolaza, Iratxe Nieto-Arana, Javier Imaz-Ayo, Natale Pérez-Fernández, Silvia Arana-Arri, Eunate Borrego, Francisco Front Immunol Immunology COVID-19 manifests with a wide diversity of clinical phenotypes characterized by dysfunctional and exaggerated host immune responses. Many results have been described on the status of the immune system of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, but there are still aspects that have not been fully characterized or understood. In this study, we have analyzed a cohort of patients with mild, moderate and severe disease. We performed flow cytometric studies and correlated the data with the clinical characteristics and clinical laboratory values of the patients. Both conventional and unsupervised data analyses concluded that patients with severe disease are characterized, among others, by a higher state of activation in all T cell subsets (CD4, CD8, double negative and T follicular helper cells), higher expression of perforin and granzyme B in cytotoxic cells, expansion of adaptive NK cells and the accumulation of activated and immature dysfunctional monocytes which are identified by a low expression of HLA-DR and an intriguing shift in the expression pattern of CD300 receptors. More importantly, correlation analysis showed a strong association between the alterations in the immune cells and the clinical signs of severity. These results indicate that patients with severe COVID-19 have a broad perturbation of their immune system, and they will help to understand the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-03-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7991729/ /pubmed/33777054 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.655934 Text en Copyright © 2021 Zenarruzabeitia, Astarloa-Pando, Terrén, Orrantia, Pérez-Garay, Seijas-Betolaza, Nieto-Arana, Imaz-Ayo, Pérez-Fernández, Arana-Arri and Borrego. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Zenarruzabeitia, Olatz Astarloa-Pando, Gabirel Terrén, Iñigo Orrantia, Ane Pérez-Garay, Raquel Seijas-Betolaza, Iratxe Nieto-Arana, Javier Imaz-Ayo, Natale Pérez-Fernández, Silvia Arana-Arri, Eunate Borrego, Francisco T Cell Activation, Highly Armed Cytotoxic Cells and a Shift in Monocytes CD300 Receptors Expression Is Characteristic of Patients With Severe COVID-19 |
title | T Cell Activation, Highly Armed Cytotoxic Cells and a Shift in Monocytes CD300 Receptors Expression Is Characteristic of Patients With Severe COVID-19 |
title_full | T Cell Activation, Highly Armed Cytotoxic Cells and a Shift in Monocytes CD300 Receptors Expression Is Characteristic of Patients With Severe COVID-19 |
title_fullStr | T Cell Activation, Highly Armed Cytotoxic Cells and a Shift in Monocytes CD300 Receptors Expression Is Characteristic of Patients With Severe COVID-19 |
title_full_unstemmed | T Cell Activation, Highly Armed Cytotoxic Cells and a Shift in Monocytes CD300 Receptors Expression Is Characteristic of Patients With Severe COVID-19 |
title_short | T Cell Activation, Highly Armed Cytotoxic Cells and a Shift in Monocytes CD300 Receptors Expression Is Characteristic of Patients With Severe COVID-19 |
title_sort | t cell activation, highly armed cytotoxic cells and a shift in monocytes cd300 receptors expression is characteristic of patients with severe covid-19 |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7991729/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33777054 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.655934 |
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