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Obesity and Male Reproduction; Placing the Western Diet in Context

There is mounting evidence that obesity has negative repercussions for reproductive physiology in males. Much of this evidence has accumulated from rodent studies employing diets high in fat and sugar (“high fat” or “western” diets). While excessive fats and carbohydrates have long been considered m...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Pini, Taylor, Raubenheimer, David, Simpson, Stephen J., Crean, Angela J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7991841/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33776921
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.622292
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author Pini, Taylor
Raubenheimer, David
Simpson, Stephen J.
Crean, Angela J.
author_facet Pini, Taylor
Raubenheimer, David
Simpson, Stephen J.
Crean, Angela J.
author_sort Pini, Taylor
collection PubMed
description There is mounting evidence that obesity has negative repercussions for reproductive physiology in males. Much of this evidence has accumulated from rodent studies employing diets high in fat and sugar (“high fat” or “western” diets). While excessive fats and carbohydrates have long been considered major determinants of diet induced obesity, a growing body of research suggests that the relationships between diet composition and obesity are more complex than originally thought, involving interactions between dietary macronutrients. However, rodent dietary models have yet to evolve to capture this, instead relying heavily on elevated levels of a single macronutrient. While this approach has highlighted important effects of obesity on male reproduction, it does not allow for interpretation of the complex, interacting effects of dietary protein, carbohydrate and fat. Further, the single nutrient approach limits the ability to draw conclusions about which diets best support reproductive function. Nutritional Geometry offers an alternative approach, assessing outcomes of interest over an extended range of dietary macronutrient compositions. This review explores the practical application of Nutritional Geometry to study the effects of dietary macronutrient balance on male reproduction, including experimental considerations specific to studies of diet and reproductive physiology. Finally, this review discusses the promising use of Nutritional Geometry in the development of evidence-based pre-conception nutritional guidance for men.
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spelling pubmed-79918412021-03-26 Obesity and Male Reproduction; Placing the Western Diet in Context Pini, Taylor Raubenheimer, David Simpson, Stephen J. Crean, Angela J. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology There is mounting evidence that obesity has negative repercussions for reproductive physiology in males. Much of this evidence has accumulated from rodent studies employing diets high in fat and sugar (“high fat” or “western” diets). While excessive fats and carbohydrates have long been considered major determinants of diet induced obesity, a growing body of research suggests that the relationships between diet composition and obesity are more complex than originally thought, involving interactions between dietary macronutrients. However, rodent dietary models have yet to evolve to capture this, instead relying heavily on elevated levels of a single macronutrient. While this approach has highlighted important effects of obesity on male reproduction, it does not allow for interpretation of the complex, interacting effects of dietary protein, carbohydrate and fat. Further, the single nutrient approach limits the ability to draw conclusions about which diets best support reproductive function. Nutritional Geometry offers an alternative approach, assessing outcomes of interest over an extended range of dietary macronutrient compositions. This review explores the practical application of Nutritional Geometry to study the effects of dietary macronutrient balance on male reproduction, including experimental considerations specific to studies of diet and reproductive physiology. Finally, this review discusses the promising use of Nutritional Geometry in the development of evidence-based pre-conception nutritional guidance for men. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-03-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7991841/ /pubmed/33776921 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.622292 Text en Copyright © 2021 Pini, Raubenheimer, Simpson and Crean http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Endocrinology
Pini, Taylor
Raubenheimer, David
Simpson, Stephen J.
Crean, Angela J.
Obesity and Male Reproduction; Placing the Western Diet in Context
title Obesity and Male Reproduction; Placing the Western Diet in Context
title_full Obesity and Male Reproduction; Placing the Western Diet in Context
title_fullStr Obesity and Male Reproduction; Placing the Western Diet in Context
title_full_unstemmed Obesity and Male Reproduction; Placing the Western Diet in Context
title_short Obesity and Male Reproduction; Placing the Western Diet in Context
title_sort obesity and male reproduction; placing the western diet in context
topic Endocrinology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7991841/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33776921
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.622292
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